COVID_Breastfeeding with COVID 19 disease: SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in breast milk and disease progression in the first six months of life

摘要 目前尚不清楚COVID-19阳性母亲是否会在其子女中传播SARS-CoV-2抗体。 母乳喂养以保护新生儿，或者母乳喂养可能造成感染风险（ 通过食用病毒或在喂养期间与母亲直接接触）。科学家 假设（1）这些母亲的母乳可能具有SARS-CoV-2中和作用 （2）母乳中含有可提供保护的抗体;或 病毒在母乳中传播并被婴儿食用。到目前为止，数据有限， 支持任何一种假设。因此，SARS-CoV-2相关的母乳喂养建议 来自世界卫生组织（WHO）、疾病控制和预防中心（CDC） 和美国儿科学会（AAP）不同。然而，先前的研究表明， 在生命早期食用母乳可使人对几种传染病产生免疫力。 任何指南的循证建议都需要研究和临床研究。 这项研究的目标是解决这一差距，并确定母乳消费是否可以 授予豁免权。这些目标将通过以下具体目标实现。 具体目标1。检测和定量SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG/伊加抗体存在 母乳和唾液中的含量。 具体目标2。检测母乳和唾液中是否存在中和抗体 从母亲和婴儿的样本。 具体目标3。确定是否以及如何消耗COVID-19的母乳 阳性母亲影响SARS-CoV-2感染、进展和可能的复发， 他们的婴儿。

ABSTRACT It is unknown whether COVID-19 positive mothers transmit SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in their breast milk to protect their newborns or if breastfeeding can pose a risk of infection (either through consumption of virus or direct contact with the mother during feedings). Scientists hypothesize that (1) the breast milk of these mothers may have SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies which may confer protection; or (2) their breast milk can pose a risk of infection if the virus is shed in breast milk and consumed by the infant. Limited data are available thus far to support either hypothesis. As a result, SARS-CoV-2 related breastfeeding recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) differ. However, previous research has shown that consumption of breast milk in early life confers immunity against several infectious diseases. Evidence-based recommendations for any guidelines require research and clinical studies. The goals of this research are to address this gap and determine if breast milk consumption can confer immunity. These goals will be met through the following specific aims. Specific Aim 1. Detect and quantify SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG/IgA antibodies that are present in breast milk and saliva from mother/infant dyads over 6 months. Specific Aim 2. Detect the presence of neutralizing antibodies in breast milk and saliva samples from mother/infant dyads. Specific Aim 3. Determine if and how consumption of breast milk from a COVID-19 positive mother affects SARS-CoV-2 infection, progression and possible recurrence in their infants.