Generation of Islet Specific T Follicular Regulatory Like Cells for Autologous Cell Therapy of Type 1 Diabetes

用于 1 型糖尿病自体细胞治疗的胰岛特异性滤泡调节性 T 细胞的产生

• 批准号: 10437608
• 负责人: Puchong Thirawatananond
• 金额: $ 4.09万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-16 至 2026-05-15
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10437608
• 关键词: Adoptive Cell Transfers; Adoptive Transfer; Affinity; Age; Animal Disease Models; Animal Model; Antigens; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; Autoimmunity; Autologous; B-Cell Activation; B-Lymphocytes; BLR1 gene; Back; Beta Cell; Biological Models; Bystander Suppression; C-Peptide; CD3 Antigens; CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes; CXCL13 gene; Cell Therapy; Cells; Characteristics; Chemotaxis; Clinical Management; Confocal Microscopy; Data; Dendritic Cells; Dependence; Detection; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes prevention; Diagnosis; Disease Progression; Educational process of instructing; Engineering; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Exhibits; Female; Florida; Flow Cytometry; Gene Transfer; Generations; Genes; Genome; Growth; Helper-Inducer T-Lymphocyte; Histology; Homing; Immune; Immune Targeting; Immune response; Immunoglobulin Class Switching; Immunoglobulin Somatic Hypermutation; Immunology; Immunomodulators; In Vitro; Inbred BALB C Mice; Inbred NOD Mice; Incidence; Infiltration; Infusion procedures; Injections; Institutes; Insulin; Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Interruption; Investigational Therapies; Islets of Langerhans; Knock-in; Location; Mature B-Lymphocyte; Measures; Mediating; Mesentery; Methods; Migration Assay; Modality; Modeling; Mus; Onset of illness; Organ; Ovalbumin; Pancreas; Patients; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Phase I Clinical Trials; Physicians; Play; Population; Prediabetes syndrome; Principal Investigator; Production; Prognosis; Protocols documentation; Rattus; Regulatory T-Lymphocyte; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Scientist; Serum; Site; Specificity; Stains; Structure of beta Cell of islet; Structure of germinal center of lymph node; T-Cell Receptor; T-Cell Receptor Genes; TNFSF5 gene; Technical Expertise; Testing; Therapeutic; Training; Transgenic Mice; Transgenic Organisms; Translating; Universities; Writing; cancer therapy; cellular engineering; chemokine receptor; clinical translation; cytokine; design; diabetogenic; diphtheria toxin receptor; early phase clinical trial; engineered T cells; experience; experimental study; genome editing; glucose monitor; immune activation; immunoregulation; improved; in vitro testing; in vivo; insulin secretion; insulitis; islet; islet cell antibody; lymph nodes; pre-clinical; prevent; promoter; repaired; response; skills; targeted treatment; trafficking

Project Summary/Abstract Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease leading to pancreatic beta cell destruction and lifelong dependence on exogenous insulin injections. Immunomodulatory agents that aim to reverse beta cell autoimmunity have been shown to delay T1D diagnosis but cannot halt the decline of C-peptide levels that reflect insulin production. Autologous cell therapy (ACT) is an investigational therapy that aims to restore the immune set point back to tolerance by infusion of ex vivo expanded regulatory T cells (Tregs). Tregs are responsible for downregulating the immune response and their absence in animal models of diabetes leads to accelerated disease progression. Early clinical trials of ACT, however, show that transfused Tregs persist for years in patients but were ineffective in preventing C-peptide decline. This project proposes to generate islet specific T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells from Tregs through gene editing to improve their utility as ACT for T1D. Tfr cells are a specialized subset of Tregs that act in the germinal centers of lymph nodes where mature B cells are activated by T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. Early B cell activation is an important step in T1D prognosis as the detection of class-switched islet autoantibodies in the pre-diabetic phase predicts onset of disease. Therefore, creating Tfr-like cells represents a potential avenue of T1D prevention through suppression of Tfh-mediated activation. The following Specific Aims outline the objectives for utilizing genome targeting to produce Tfr-like cells as potential cellular therapies of T1D. In Aim 1, islet reactive Tregs will be produced through non-viral genome editing to knock in islet reactive TCR in the TCR locus. Engineered Tregs will be tested in vitro for islet antigen reactivity and tested in vivo through adoptive transfer into NOD mice to determine its effects on diabetes incidence. In Aim 2, the Tfr cell characteristic chemokine receptor CXCR5 will be knocked in the Rosa26 locus of islet reactive Tregs and tested for responsivity to CXCL13. Engineered CXCR5-positive islet reactive Tregs will be transferred into NOD mice to assess diabetes incidence and Treg trafficking to the pancreas and pancreatic lymph nodes. The proposed training will take place at the University of Florida Diabetes Institute under the guidance of Dr. Todd Brusko and Dr. Michael Haller. The training plan will provide the applicant with research design and technical skills in autoimmunity, cell engineering, and diabetes models as well as professional skills in teaching and scientific writing to facilitate growth as an independent investigator.

项目概要/摘要 1 型糖尿病 (T1D) 是一种自身免疫性疾病，会导致胰腺 β 细胞破坏并导致终生糖尿病。 对外源性胰岛素注射的依赖。旨在逆转β细胞的免疫调节剂 自身免疫已被证明可以延迟 T1D 诊断，但不能阻止 C 肽水平的下降， 反映胰岛素的产生。自体细胞疗法（ACT）是一种研究性疗法，旨在恢复 通过输注离体扩增的调节性 T 细胞 (Treg)，免疫设定点恢复至耐受性。 Tregs 是 负责下调免疫反应，并且在糖尿病动物模型中缺乏它们会导致 加速疾病进展。然而，ACT 的早期临床试验表明，输注的 Tregs 可以持续存在 对患者进行了多年治疗，但对预防 C 肽下降无效。 该项目拟通过基因从Tregs中产生胰岛特异性滤泡调节性T细胞（Tfr） 编辑以提高其作为 ACT 治疗 T1D 的效用。 Tfr 细胞是 Tregs 的一个特殊亚群，在 淋巴结的生发中心，其中成熟的 B 细胞被滤泡辅助 T (Tfh) 细胞激活。早B 细胞激活是 T1D 预后的重要一步，因为在 T1D 中检测类别转换胰岛自身抗体 糖尿病前期可预测疾病的发作。因此，创建 Tfr 样细胞代表了一种潜在的 通过抑制 Tfh 介导的激活来预防 T1D 的途径。 以下具体目标概述了利用基因组靶向产生 Tfr 样细胞的目标 作为 T1D 的潜在细胞疗法。在目标 1 中，将通过非病毒基因组产​​生胰岛反应性 Tregs 编辑以敲入 TCR 基因座中的胰岛反应性 TCR。工程化 Tregs 将在体外进行胰岛抗原测试 反应性并通过过继转移到 NOD 小鼠体内进行测试，以确定其对糖尿病的影响 发生率。在目标 2 中，Tfr 细胞特征趋化因子受体 CXCR5 将在 Rosa26 基因座中被敲除 胰岛反应性 Tregs 并测试对 CXCL13 的反应性。工程化 CXCR5 阳性胰岛反应性 Tregs 将被转移到 NOD 小鼠中以评估糖尿病发病率和 Treg 转运到胰腺的情况 胰腺淋巴结。 拟议的培训将在佛罗里达大学糖尿病研究所的指导下进行 托德·布鲁斯科博士和迈克尔·哈勒博士。培训计划将为申请人提供研究设计和 自身免疫、细胞工程、糖尿病模型等方面的专业技术和教学专业技能 和科学写作，以促进作为一名独立研究者的成长。