The HUSH complex in HIV-1 latency
The HUSH complex in HIV-1 latency
批准号:
10439610
负责人:
JEREMY LUBAN
金额:
$78.33万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-07-01 至 2024-06-30
关键词:
ATAC-seqAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAnti-HIV AgentsCD34 geneCD4 Positive T LymphocytesCell Culture TechniquesCell LineCellsChromatinClinicalClone CellsComplementary DNAComplexDNADNA BindingDNA-Binding ProteinsDevelopmentEvaluationExcisionExhibitsFoundationsGene Expression RegulationGene SilencingGenesGenetic TranscriptionGoalsHIV-1HarvestHematopoieticHematopoietic stem cellsHeterogeneityHumanHuman ChromosomesImmuneImmune systemIndividualInfectionIntegration Host FactorsKineticsMonitorMusPersonsPharmaceutical PreparationsPhenotypePhylogenyPlayPrimate LentivirusesProteinsProvirusesReportingResistanceRetrotransposonRoleSETDB1 geneStimulusTranscriptional RegulationUmbilical Cord BloodUrsidae FamilyViralViremiaVirusantiretroviral therapyexperimental studygenetic elementhumanized mouseimprovedin vivoloss of functionmemory CD4 T lymphocytemouse modelnovel strategiespreservationpreventreconstitutionrecruitresponsetooltranscription factortranscriptome sequencingvpr Gene Products
中文摘要
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英文摘要
Project Summary/Abstract
Current anti-HIV-1 therapies prevent progression to AIDS but do not cure infection. HIV-1 persists in long-lived
memory CD4+ T cells as a transcriptionally silent provirus, where it is undetectable by the immune system, and
therefore resistant to extirpation. Recently, we reported that primate immunodeficiency virus Vpx and Vpr
proteins activate HIV-1 provirus transcription by degrading the three proteins of the human silencing hub
(HUSH) complex. Disruption of the HUSH complex in bulk CD4+ T cells increased transcription from HIV-1
proviruses and kinetics of HIV-1 spreading infections, indicating that the HUSH complex plays a dominant role
in HIV-1 provirus silencing. Nonetheless, examination of individual clones showed heterogeneity in response to
HUSH disruption, and inconsistent correlation with known silencing factors such as SETDB1. Aim 1 will be to
identify requirements for HUSH complex silencing of the HIV-1 provirus. Sets of CD4+ T cell clones
bearing HIV-1 proviruses that exhibit a range of HUSH responsiveness will be subjected to loss-of-function
screens to identify host silencing factors that distinguish clones with different HUSH phenotypes. Such factors
will be characterized independently for effects on provirus transcription and provirus chromatin features. From
these experiments we expect to better understand how HUSH is recruited to, and maintains transcriptional
silencing of, HIV-1 proviruses. Aim 2 will be to examine the role of the HUSH complex in CD4+ T cell
transcription and development. Disruption of the HUSH complex activates LINE-1 expression in certain cell
lines raising questions about possible consequences of HUSH complex disruption. Global transcription and
chromatin profiling will be performed on primary human CD4+ T cells in which HUSH complex components are
disrupted. Increased expression of particular retrotransposons is expected, but also immune-related genes of
relevance to HIV-1, and markers that may be used to monitor HUSH complex activity in cells. Examination of
transcription factor motifs within lost ATAC-Seq peaks will aid identification of DNA-binding proteins that recruit
the HUSH complex. The HUSH complex will also be disrupted in cord blood human CD34+ hematopoietic stem
cells used to reconstitute an immune system in mice. These experiments will tell us whether the HUSH
complex is essential for human hematopoietic development generally or for CD4+ T cells specifically. Aim 3
will assess the contribution of the HUSH complex to HIV-1 latency in vivo. The effect of HUSH complex
inactivation on HIV-1 provirus reactivation will be examined with CD4+ T cells harvested from HIV-1+
individuals on anti-HIV-1 suppressive therapy and from humanized mice. These studies are expected to
improve mechanistic understanding of HIV-1 transcriptional regulation, help prognosticate the transcriptional
status of a given provirus, develop new approaches for disrupting the HIV-1 provirus in the clinical context,
and, more generally, increase fundamental understanding of gene regulation.
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会议论文
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依托单位:
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