Contact Network Transmission Modeling of Healthcare Associated Infections

项目摘要/摘要 医疗保健相关感染是死亡和发病的主要来源，影响约200万人。 每年都有病人。在医院内，像梭状芽胞杆菌和耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌这样的病原体fi-cile- 金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)经常在住院患者之间传播：还特别令人担忧的是 多药耐药生物(MDRO)，因为由这些病原体引起的HAI越来越难被fi培养 请客。这些感染可以在医院扩大，传播到其他医院，长期或熟练的护理机构-fi 城市，然后，最终，对整个社区。制定有效的干预措施以防止艾滋病的传播 HAIS仍然是一个重要的公共卫生目标，并要求采取一些手段，以使拟议的 干预措施(或其组合)可以进行科学且廉价的比较。在fi领域，经验- 不可能，数学模型和模拟可以深入了解系统如何响应 正在研究的干预措施。 该项目的主要主题是克服现有障碍，模拟人类免疫缺陷病毒的传播。我们 假设从复杂的fi细粒度数据派生的高fiDelity模型可以用来理解 在医疗机构内部和跨医疗机构获取和传播禽流感病毒。基于我们的模型的模拟 可用于比较替代干预措施，并为如何减少 MDRO和其他能够引起禽流感的病原体的传播。

Project Summary/Abstract Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a major source of mortality and morbidity and affect about two million patients each year. Within hospitals, pathogens like Clostridioides difficile and methicillin-resistant Staphylococ- cus aureus (MRSA) are routinely transmitted to and among hospitalized patients: also of particular concern are multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs), because HAIs caused by these pathogens are increasingly difficult to treat. These infections can be amplified in hospitals, transmitted to other hospitals, long-term or skilled-care facil- ities, and then, eventually, to the community at large. Developing effective interventions to prevent the spread of HAIs remains an important public health goal, and demands some means by which the effectiveness of proposed interventions (or combinations thereof) can be efficiently and inexpensively compared. In fields where experi- ments are not possible, mathematical models and simulations can yield insight into how a system responds to the intervention under study. The overarching theme of this project is to overcome existing barriers for modeling the spread of HAIs. We hypothesize that high-fidelity models derived from complex, fine-grained data can be used to understand the acquisition and transmission of HAIs within and across healthcare facilities. Simulations based on our models can be used to compare alternative interventions and provide effective and practical guidance for how to reduce the transmission of MDROs and other pathogens capable of causing HAIs.