Neural and Molecular Basis of Individual Differences in Brain Function and Behavior

大脑功能和行为个体差异的神经和分子基础

• 批准号: 10472014
• 负责人: Justin Ward Kenney
• 金额: $ 37.67万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10472014
• 关键词: Adult; Animal Model; Behavior; Behavioral; Biology; Brain; Brain region; Characteristics; Development; Disease; Exploratory Behavior; Genes; Genetic; Goals; Individual; Individual Differences; Mammals; Measures; Mental disorders; Molecular; Morphology; Nervous system structure; Neurosciences; Neurotransmitter Receptor; New Territories; Pattern; Research; Structure-Activity Relationship; Vertebrates; Zebrafish; behavioral health; genetic manipulation; genotypic sex; improved; insight; long term memory; memory recall; neural patterning; personalized approach; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; sex

PROJECT SUMMARY A fundamental goal of neuroscience is to determine how different brain regions contribute to behavior (i.e. structure-function relationships). Although significant progress has been made in discovering regional functions that are common across individuals, we know little about how structure-function relationships differ between individuals. Recent evidence suggests that there are many such individual differences in brain activity, with factors like genetics and sex have outsize influence on patterns of brain activity. But the molecular basis of these differences, and their consequences for behavior, are unknown. To begin exploring this new territory, we will (1) identify brain regions whose relationship to behavior is influenced by genetics and sex, and (2) identify neurotransmitters and receptors that underlie the influence of genes and sex on brain function and behavior. We will do this by measuring patterns of whole-brain activity that underlie exploratory behavior and long-term memory recall in adult zebrafish. Zebrafish are a genetically tractable animal model with several characteristics that make them ideal for the present research: a small and simple morphology, a sophisticated behavioral repertoire, and ease of genetic manipulation. As vertebrates, zebrafish retain a high similarity to mammals in genetics and nervous system organization. Given that many mental health disorders manifest as alterations in patterns of neural activity, understanding how individual differences in biology influence brain function and behavior will inform the development of precision approaches for the treatment of disorders localized to the brain.

项目总结 神经科学的一个基本目标是确定不同的大脑区域如何影响行为(即 结构-功能关系)。尽管在发现区域功能方面取得了重大进展 我们对它们之间的结构-功能关系的差异知之甚少 个人。最近的证据表明，在大脑活动中存在许多这样的个体差异， 遗传和性别等因素对大脑活动模式的影响非常大。但这些物质的分子基础 差异及其对行为的影响是未知的。为了开始探索这一新领域，我们将(1) 确定其与行为的关系受遗传和性别影响的大脑区域，以及(2)确定 神经递质和受体是基因和性别对大脑功能和行为影响的基础。我们 将通过测量作为探索性行为和长期行为基础的全脑活动模式来做到这一点 成年斑马鱼的记忆回忆。斑马鱼是一种遗传易驯化的动物模型，具有几个特征 这使它们成为目前研究的理想之选：小而简单的形态，复杂的行为 曲目，以及基因操作的简便性。作为脊椎动物，斑马鱼在以下方面与哺乳动物保持着高度的相似性 遗传学和神经系统组织。鉴于许多精神健康障碍表现为 神经活动模式，了解生物个体差异如何影响大脑功能和 行为将为开发治疗大脑局部疾病的精确方法提供信息。