Impact of COVID-19 on AD Occurrence: A Biracial Intergenerational Population Study

芝加哥健康和老龄化项目(CHAP)对阿尔茨海默氏症做出了几项重大贡献 疾病和相关痴呆(ADRD)流行病学。这些领域包括种族差异、流行率和 痴呆症的发病趋势、社会、生活方式、血管、遗传危险因素、神经成像和血液 非洲裔美国人(AAs)和欧洲裔美国人的大规模人群社区研究中的生物标志物 (EAS)。使用年长的小伙子父母和正在进行的中年后代队列，我们将测试几个小说和 新冠肺炎对ADRD、MCI、认知功能减退和脑结构磁共振影响的创新假说 受伤。通过延长获奖的NIA nosi行政副刊，代际研究提供 通过调查得出的显著优势是：(1)SARS-CoV-2感染在高发人群中的直接影响 炎性细胞因子，特别是在新冠肺炎传播高危家庭中，这会导致不利的 认知结果；以及(2)新冠肺炎疫情的间接影响--身体和认知方面的改变 不同社区共享家庭环境中的活动、社会参与和血管危险因素。 为了解决这一科学研究领域，我们建议进行一项基于混血种群的社区研究 4,000名年长的CHAP父母进行了两次人群认知评估和详细的临床评估 ADRD对1200名参与者进行了调查，具体目标如下：(1)估计2020年美国人口普查人口 调整后的总体和特定人口(年龄、种族/族裔和性别)的ADRD患病率和发病率， MCI和痴呆症的可能性，并测试患病率和发病率在前后是否发生了变化 新冠肺炎。此外，测试高风险再生障碍性贫血父母患ADRD的5年风险是否有高风险子女 与EAS进行比较；(2)检查身体和认知活动、社会参与度、BMI和 COVID前后的高血压及其对ADRD、MCI、认知风险的影响 下降，核磁共振脑损伤。此外，测试这些关联是否按年龄、性别(男性与女性)更高， AA父母和子女与EA父母和子女之间的比较；(3)测试参与者是否有 SARS-CoV-2RNA感染和血清学抗体与炎性细胞因子浓度升高 在那些血管风险因素较高的人中，ADRD、MCI、认知能力下降和结构性疾病的风险更高 核磁共振脑损伤。此外，测试AA父母和子女之间的这些关联性是否比 EAS。这项建议在制定预防策略和治疗方法方面具有巨大的公共卫生影响 新冠肺炎对多元人群中老年人群健康影响的研究 社会上处于不利地位的AA少数民族的人口。

The Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP) has made several significant contributions to Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) epidemiology. These areas include racial disparities, prevalence, and incidence of dementia trends, social, lifestyle, vascular, genetic risk factors, and neuroimaging and blood biomarkers in a large population-based community study of African Americans (AAs) and European Americans (EAs). Using the older CHAP parent and the ongoing midlife offspring cohorts, we will test several novel and innovative hypotheses on the impact of COVID-19 on ADRD, MCI, cognitive decline, and structural MRI brain injury. By extending the awarded NIA NOSI Administrative Supplement, the intergenerational study provides significant advantages by investigating: (1) the direct effect of SARS-CoV-2 infections amongst those with higher inflammatory cytokines, especially in families with a high risk of COVID-19 transmission, which leads to adverse cognitive outcomes; and (2) an indirect effect of COVID-19 outbreak-imposed changes in physical and cognitive activities, social engagement, and vascular risk factors in a shared family environment in diverse communities. To address this scientific area of research, we propose to conduct a biracial population-based community study of 4,000 older CHAP parents with two population cognitive assessments and detailed clinical evaluations for ADRD in 1,200 participants with the following specific aims: (1) Estimate the 2020 US census demographic adjusted overall and demographic-specific (age, race/ethnicity, and gender) prevalence and incidence of ADRD, MCI, and dementia likelihood and test whether the prevalence and incidence have changed before and after COVID-19. Also, test whether the 5-year risk of ADRD among high-risk AA parents has high-risk offspring compared to EAs; (2) Examine the change in physical and cognitive activities, social engagement, BMI, and hypertension from pre- to post-COVID and the impact of these changes on the risk of ADRD, MCI, cognitive decline, and MRI brain injury. Also, test whether these associations are higher by age, sex (males vs. females), and among AA parents and offspring compared to EA parents and offspring; (3) Test whether participants with SARS-CoV-2 RNA infections and serology antibodies and elevated concentrations of inflammatory cytokines among those with higher vascular risk factors have a higher risk of ADRD, MCI, cognitive decline, and structural MRI brain injury. Also, test whether these associations are higher among AA parents and offspring compared to EAs. This proposal has an enormous public health impact in developing preventive strategies and therapeutic studies on the impact of COVID-19 on population health across generations from midlife to late-life in a diverse population with socially disadvantaged AA minorities.