Candida-Host interactions: impact on the host pro- and anti-viral restrictions factors

念珠菌-宿主相互作用：对宿主亲病毒和抗病毒限制因素的影响

• 批准号: 10477297
• 负责人: Ramiro Mendonca Murata
• 金额: $ 15.1万
• 依托单位: EAST CAROLINA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10477297
• 关键词: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Affect; Applications Grants; CCL3 gene; CCR5 gene; Candida; Candida albicans; Candidiasis; Cell Wall; Cells; Clinical; Data; Epithelial Cells; Future; Genes; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV Receptors; HIV Seropositivity; HIV-1; Health; Homeostasis; Human; Immune; Immune response; Immune system; Immunocompromised Host; Individual; Infection; Inflammatory; Interferon-alpha; Interferons; Life; Ligands; Link; Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1; Malignant Neoplasms; Mannans; Mannose; Molecular; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; Opportunistic Infections; Oral; Oral candidiasis; Oral cavity; Oropharyngeal; Outcome; Pathogenesis; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pattern; Pattern recognition receptor; Persons; Phenotype; Production; Proteins; Quality of life; RANTES; Reporting; Risk; Route; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1; Structure; TRIM5 gene; Testing; Tissues; Transcriptional Regulation; United States National Institutes of Health; Up-Regulation; Viral; Viral Load result; Virus; Virus Diseases; Yeasts; base; beta-Chemokines; chemokine; chemokine receptor; co-infection; cohort; comorbidity; cytokine; fungus; immune function; improved; insight; macrophage; member; microorganism; mutant; mycobiome; oral cavity epithelium; oropharyngeal thrush; pathogen; receptor; response; therapy design; transcription factor; transmission process

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is responsible for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The first cases of AIDS were reported in 1981 and it is one of the world's most serious health problems. The risk of adults becoming infected through the oral route appears to be relatively low and it is generally assumed that HIV transmission does not occur through casual oral contact, even among patients with high viral load. People with advanced HIV infection are vulnerable to life-threatening malignancies and opportunistic infections such as candidiasis. Oropharyngeal candidiasis affects up to 50% of untreated HIV-1 subjects and 90% of AIDS patients. Interestingly, HIV-1 directly interacts with Candida spp and this interaction abrogates the production of HIV-1 by infected macrophages. Our preliminary data provide new insights into the mechanisms by which Candida albicans acts against HIV-1. The putative pathways by which C. albicans affects HIV-1 infection involve the upregulation of cc-chemokines. Therefore, the hypothesis of the proposed study is that C. albicans are involved in the inhibition of HIV pathogenesis. To explore our hypothesis, we propose to: 1) Elucidate the specific host cell-signaling pathways induced by C. albicans PAMPs relevant to production of anti-HIV cc-chemokines and 2) Determine how C. albicans PAMPs driven responses impact the host antiviral restrictions factors.

人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）是导致获得性免疫缺陷综合症（艾滋病）的罪魁祸首。