Experience-Dependent Plasticity in Superior Colliculus and Natural Visual Behavior

上丘和自然视觉行为的经验依赖性可塑性

• 批准号: 10478208
• 负责人: JENNIFER Lyn HOY
• 金额: $ 37.88万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA RENO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-30 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10478208
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Animals; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral Assay; Biological Assay; Calcium; Cell physiology; Cells; Complex; Data; Detection; Development; Disease; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Freezing; Frequencies; Generalized Anxiety Disorder; Genetic; Goals; Image; Individual; Insecta; Knowledge; LYN gene; Learning; Life; Link; Location; Mammals; Measures; Mediating; Modification; Mus; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurons; Output; Pathway interactions; Pilot Projects; Plant Roots; Play; Population; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Primates; Principal Investigator; Process; Retina; Role; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Speed; Stimulus; Structure; Synapses; Time; Transgenic Organisms; Ultrasonography; Virus; Visual; Visual Perception; Visual attention; Visual system structure; Visuospatial; Work; age related; autism spectrum disorder; behavior change; cell type; density; developmental disease; distraction; early experience; experience; extracellular; in vivo; interest; mouse model; nervous system disorder; neural circuit; neural patterning; novel; optogenetics; postnatal; programs; relating to nervous system; response; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; targeted treatment; tool; ultrasound; virtual reality environment; vision development; visual cognition; visual information; visual plasticity; visual processing; visual stimulus

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Our long term goal is to identify and understand the mechanisms underlying plasticity in visual stimulus detection and visually-guided pursuit. Plasticity in these visuospatial orienting behaviors are perturbed in both neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism as well as neurological disorders resulting from traumatic experiences such as PTSD. Thus, development and plasticity of these visual orienting behaviors critically impact healthy visual processing. In order to ultimately develop targeted therapies that alleviate the specific visual processing deficits associated with each disorder, it is necessary to first understand the mechanisms that underlie the development and plasticity of visual stimulus detection and pursuit behaviors more fundamentally. We will start to address this critical gap by investigating the development and sensory experience-dependent plasticity of function of specific cell types of the superior colliculus in the mouse as they relate to specific changes in visual stimulus detection and pursuit behavior. The superior colliculus is a key subcortical visual system that processes salient environmental stimuli, receives substantial input from cortex and mediates rapid spatial orienting behavior in all mammals. The function of cells in this structure are sensitive to visual experience and change significantly over development, and, two classes of cells in the superior colliculus known as the wide- and narrow-field vertical neurons specifically underlie visual stimulus detection and pursuit. However, we do not understand how these precise neural circuits are directly impacted by visual experience throughout life. The mouse affords access to a broad range of sophisticatedgenetic tools that may be used to close this gap in our understanding. In AIM 1, we will quantify stimulus detection and pursuit behaviors at key developmental stages from postnatal day 21 to adulthood to understand how these visual orienting behaviors change in the mouse. In AIM 2, we will determine whether specific circuit changes support developmental changes in behavior by quantifying the neural encoding of visual stimuli specifically in the wide- and narrow-field cell circuits of the superior colliculus in the behaving animal. We will measure specific neural activity using high- density in vivo electrophysiology, optogenetics, virus mediated circuit tracing, calcium imaging and functional ultrasound imaging. In AIM 3, we will study the experience-dependent development of both behavior and specific circuit function in the superior colliculus by manipulating visual experience by allowing mice to hunt live insects (enrichment). Overall, this work will advance our understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms underlying successful spatial orienting behaviors that are essential for visual perception.

项目概要/摘要 我们的长期目标是识别和理解视觉可塑性的潜在机制 刺激检测和视觉引导追踪。这些视觉空间定向行为的可塑性 患有自闭症等神经发育障碍以及神经系统疾病 由创伤经历引起的疾病，如创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD)。因此，发展和可塑性 这些视觉定向行为严重影响健康的视觉处理。为了 最终开发出缓解特定视觉处理缺陷的靶向疗法 对于每种疾病，有必要首先了解其背后的机制 视觉刺激检测和追求行为的发展和可塑性更多 从根本上来说。我们将开始通过调查发展和 上丘特定细胞类型功能的感觉体验依赖性可塑性 在小鼠中，因为它们与视觉刺激检测和追踪行为的特定变化有关。 上丘是处理显着环境的关键皮层下视觉系统 刺激，接收来自皮层的大量输入并介导所有的快速空间定向行为 哺乳动物。该结构中细胞的功能对视觉体验和变化很敏感 显着过度发育，并且上丘中的两类细胞被称为 宽视野和窄视野垂直神经元特别是视觉刺激检测和追踪的基础。 然而，我们不明白这些精确的神经回路如何直接受到视觉的影响。 贯穿一生的经历。小鼠可以获取广泛的复杂遗传信息 可以用来缩小我们理解上的差距的工具。在 AIM 1 中，我们将量化刺激 从出生后第21天到成年的关键发育阶段的发现和追踪行为 了解鼠标的这些视觉定向行为如何变化。在 AIM 2 中，我们将 通过量化确定特定的电路变化是否支持行为的发育变化 视觉刺激的神经编码，特别是在宽视野和窄视野细胞回路中 行为动物的上丘。我们将使用高测量特定的神经活动 密度体内电生理学、光遗传学、病毒介导的电路追踪、钙成像 和功能性超声成像。在AIM 3中，我们将研究经验依赖 上丘的行为和特定电路功能的发展 通过让老鼠捕猎活昆虫来操纵视觉体验（丰富化）。总体而言，这 工作将增进我们对成功背后的神经回路机制的理解 对视觉感知至关重要的空间定向行为。