Experience-Dependent Plasticity in Superior Colliculus and Natural Visual Behavior

上丘和自然视觉行为的经验依赖性可塑性

• 批准号: 10296912
• 负责人: JENNIFER Lyn HOY
• 金额: $ 41.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA RENO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-30 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10296912
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Animals; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral Assay; Biological Assay; Calcium; Cell physiology; Cells; Complex; Data; Detection; Development; Disease; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Freezing; Frequencies; Generalized Anxiety Disorder; Genetic; Goals; Image; Individual; Insecta; Knowledge; LYN gene; Learning; Life; Link; Location; Mammals; Measures; Mediating; Modification; Mus; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurons; Output; Pathway interactions; Pilot Projects; Plant Roots; Play; Population; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Primates; Principal Investigator; Process; Retina; Role; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Speed; Stimulus; Structure; Synapses; Time; Transgenic Organisms; Ultrasonography; Virus; Visual; Visual Perception; Visual attention; Visual system structure; Visuospatial; Work; age related; autism spectrum disorder; behavior change; cell type; density; developmental disease; distraction; early experience; experience; extracellular; in vivo; interest; mouse model; nervous system disorder; neural circuit; neural patterning; novel; optogenetics; postnatal; programs; relating to nervous system; response; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; targeted treatment; tool; virtual reality environment; vision development; visual cognition; visual information; visual plasticity; visual processing; visual stimulus

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Our long term goal is to identify and understand the mechanisms underlying plasticity in visual stimulus detection and visually-guided pursuit. Plasticity in these visuospatial orienting behaviors are perturbed in both neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism as well as neurological disorders resulting from traumatic experiences such as PTSD. Thus, development and plasticity of these visual orienting behaviors critically impact healthy visual processing. In order to ultimately develop targeted therapies that alleviate the specific visual processing deficits associated with each disorder, it is necessary to first understand the mechanisms that underlie the development and plasticity of visual stimulus detection and pursuit behaviors more fundamentally. We will start to address this critical gap by investigating the development and sensory experience-dependent plasticity of function of specific cell types of the superior colliculus in the mouse as they relate to specific changes in visual stimulus detection and pursuit behavior. The superior colliculus is a key subcortical visual system that processes salient environmental stimuli, receives substantial input from cortex and mediates rapid spatial orienting behavior in all mammals. The function of cells in this structure are sensitive to visual experience and change significantly over development, and, two classes of cells in the superior colliculus known as the wide- and narrow-field vertical neurons specifically underlie visual stimulus detection and pursuit. However, we do not understand how these precise neural circuits are directly impacted by visual experience throughout life. The mouse affords access to a broad range of sophisticatedgenetic tools that may be used to close this gap in our understanding. In AIM 1, we will quantify stimulus detection and pursuit behaviors at key developmental stages from postnatal day 21 to adulthood to understand how these visual orienting behaviors change in the mouse. In AIM 2, we will determine whether specific circuit changes support developmental changes in behavior by quantifying the neural encoding of visual stimuli specifically in the wide- and narrow-field cell circuits of the superior colliculus in the behaving animal. We will measure specific neural activity using high- density in vivo electrophysiology, optogenetics, virus mediated circuit tracing, calcium imaging and functional ultrasound imaging. In AIM 3, we will study the experience-dependent development of both behavior and specific circuit function in the superior colliculus by manipulating visual experience by allowing mice to hunt live insects (enrichment). Overall, this work will advance our understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms underlying successful spatial orienting behaviors that are essential for visual perception.

项目摘要/摘要 我们的长期目标是识别和理解视觉中可塑性的基本机制 刺激检测和视觉引导的追求。这些视觉空间方向行为的可塑性 在两种神经发育疾病（例如自闭症和神经系统）中受到干扰 由PTSD等创伤经历引起的疾病。因此，发展和可塑性 这些视觉方向行为严重影响健康的视觉处理。为了 最终开发有针对性的疗法来减轻特定的视觉处理缺陷 与每种疾病相关，有必要首先了解基础的机制 视觉刺激检测和追求行为的发展和可塑性更多 从根本上讲。我们将通过调查开发和 上丘的特定细胞类型功能的感官体验依赖性可塑性 在小鼠中，它们与视觉刺激检测和追求行为的特定变化有关。 上将是一个关键的皮质下视觉系统，可处理显着的环境 刺激，从皮质中获得大量输入，并介导所有的快速空间定向行为 哺乳动物。细胞在该结构中的功能对视觉体验敏感和改变 显着的发育显着，在上丘中的两类细胞被称为 宽阔和窄场垂直神经元特别是视觉刺激检测和追捕。 但是，我们不明白这些精确的神经回路如何直接受到视觉影响 一生的经验。鼠标可访问广泛的复杂基因 可以用来缩小我们理解的差距的工具。在AIM 1中，我们将量化刺激 从产后第21天到成年的关键发展阶段的检测和追求行为 了解这些视觉方向行为如何改变鼠标。在AIM 2中，我们将 确定特定电路是否通过量化来支持行为的发展变化 视觉刺激的神经编码是在宽阔和窄场电路中的神经编码 行为动物中的上丘。我们将使用高度测量特定的神经活动 体内电生理学，光遗传学，病毒介导的电路跟踪，钙成像的密度 和功能性超声成像。在AIM 3中，我们将研究与经验有关的 在上丘中开发行为和特定电路函数 通过允许小鼠狩猎活昆虫（富集）来操纵视觉体验。总体而言，这 工作将提高我们对成功的神经电路机制的理解 对于视觉感知至关重要的空间定向行为。