PAN EUROPEAN ASSESSMENT, MONITORING, AND MITIGATION OF CHEMICAL STRESSORS ON THE HEALTH OF WILD POLLINATORS (WILDPOSH)

野生动物和植物群正面临着多变和具有挑战性的环境干扰。受此影响最大的动物群体之一，是传粉者。传粉者面临多种威胁，但人为化学品（即农药）的传播是这些威胁的主要潜在驱动力。WildPosh是一个多参与者、跨学科的项目，其总体使命和目标是显著改善对野生传粉者暴露于农药的风险评估，并增强欧洲传粉者和传粉服务的可持续健康。由于化学品暴露在地理上各不相同，在不同的种植系统中，在不同的种植系统中，在不同的授粉者中，我们将通过在代表欧洲四个主要气候区域的4个国家进行实地调查，包括德国、英国、爱沙尼亚和西班牙的地中海、大西洋、大陆和北方气候。我们亦会在控制条件下，对不同种类的蜜蜂、蚜虫、飞蛾及蝴蝶进行实验，并收集有关其特性及杀虫剂毒性的电脑数据。通过WildPosh，我们旨在实现以下目标：1.确定在景观水平上，在站点内和站点之间的野生传粉者的真实世界农业化学农药残留概况; 2。利用综合控制的实验室和半野外试验来验证农药与传粉昆虫健康之间的因果关系; 3.建立一个关于传粉者特征/分布和化学品的开放式数据库，通过建立关于传粉者生态特征和空间分布与其潜在农药接触的数据库，确定接触和毒性情景; 4.提出基于系统的风险评估工具，用于野生传粉昆虫的风险评估; 5.通过互动创新推动政策和实践，满足监测工具、新颖和创新的筛选协议和决策者使用的需求。

Wild fauna and flora are facing variable and challenging environmental disturbances. One of the animal groups that is most impactedby this, concerns pollinators. Pollinators face multiple threats, but the spread of anthropogenic chemicals (i.e. pesticides) form a majorpotential driver of these threats. WildPosh is a multi-actor, transdisciplinary project whose overarching mission and ambition are tosignificantly improve the evaluation of risk to pesticide exposure of wild pollinators, and enhance the sustainable health of pollinatorsand pollination services in Europe. As chemical exposure varies geographically, across cropping systems, inside the crop system andamong pollinators, we will characterise exposure by doing fieldwork in 4 countries representing the four main climatic European regions,Mediterranean, Atlantic, Continental and Boreal climate in Germany, England, Estonia and Spain. We will also develop experiments incontrolled conditions on different species of bees, syrphid flies, moths and butterflies, and collect in silico data on their traits and ontoxicity of pesticides. With WildPosh, we aim to achieve the following objectives: 1. Determining the real-world agrochemical exposureprofile of wild pollinators at landscape level, within and among sites; 2. Using integrated and controlled laboratory and semi-fieldexperiments to characterise causal relationships between pesticides and pollinator health; 3. Building an open database on pollinatortraits/distribution and chemicals to define exposure and toxicity scenarios by developing databases on ecological traits and the spatialdistribution of pollinators in relation to their potential exposure to pesticide; 4. Proposing integrated systems-based risk assessmenttools for risk assessment for wild pollinators; and 5. Driving policy and practice through interactive innovation, meeting the need formonitoring tools, novel and innovative screening protocols for practice and policymaker use.