Neural Basis of Effortful Decision Making

项目总结 目前的成瘾治疗方法仍然受到不同地区基础知识差距的限制 前额叶皮质在决策中相互作用。在这里，我们检查了前额叶的直接神经联系。 人类在高时空分辨率下产蛋时的控制和费力决策的成本 为开发新的治疗方法以改善成瘾决策奠定了基础。 K23职业发展奖旨在为我提供必要的培训，使我成为 独立调查员将决策的颅内研究转化为非侵入性生物标志物和 成瘾时神经调节的靶点。为此，我提出以下培训目标：(1) 发展从颅内电生理数据进行神经解码的高级技能；(2)获得以下方面的专业知识 设计神经经济学和计算精神病学实验；以及(3)获得利用大脑的专业知识 人体行为实验中的刺激。拟议项目的总体研究目标是 通过结合神经解码来解决前额叶区域在艰难决策中所起的作用 使用功能连接性分析和皮质刺激来扰乱网络功能。 中心假设是前扣带回皮质(ACC)分配认知资源用于控制，基于 关于眼眶额叶皮质(OFC)控制成本的评估，反过来又由有效性证据决定 蓄积在背外侧前额叶皮质(DLPFC)。本研究的具体目的是：(1) 分离三个前额叶区域在认知控制调节中的作用。(2)绘制地图 前额叶网络分配认知努力；(3)对认知努力网络进行因果剖析。 创新之处：(1)方法：运用神经解码、信息论和脑电生理学相结合的方法 用于描述人类前额叶网络的刺激；(2)设计：整合实验范式 来自神经经济学和神经加工和神经生理学的计算模型；(3)概念： 通过同时记录和刺激前额区来测量和调节认知努力 在艰难的决策过程中。这项拟议的研究具有重要意义，因为它解决了 前额叶皮质关键区域在费力决策中的功能作用 成瘾中的神经调节。这项提议产生的新的基础知识将为 开发新的生物标志物和改善认知控制和决策的目标的基础 沉迷于基于机制的计算引导的神经调节。

PROJECT SUMMARY Current treatments for addiction remain limited by a gap in the fundamental knowledge of how different regions of prefrontal cortex interact in decision-making. Here, we examine the direct neural correlates in prefrontal cortex of the control and costs of effortful decision making in humans at high spatiotemporal resolution, laying the groundwork for the development of new treatments to improve decision making in addiction. This K23 Career Development Award aims to provide me with the necessary training to become an independent investigator translating intracranial studies of decision making into non-invasive biomarkers and targets for neuromodulation in addiction. Toward this end, I propose the following training objectives: (1) Develop advanced skills in neural decoding from intracranial electrophysiology data; (2) gain expertise in designing neuroeconomic and computational psychiatry experiments; and (3) gain expertise in utilizing brain stimulation in human behavioral experiments. The overall research objective of the proposed project is to resolve the roles played by prefrontal regions during effortful decision making by combining a neural decoding with functional connectivity analysis and with cortical stimulation to perturb network function. The central hypothesis is that anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) allocates cognitive resources for control, based on the cost of control assessed in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), in turn determined by the efficiency evidence accumulation in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The specific aims of this research are to (1) Dissociate the roles of three prefrontal regions in the regulation of cognitive control. (2) Map the prefrontal network allocating cognitive effort, and (3) Causally dissect the cognitive effort network. Innovation: (1) Method: Use of neural decoding, information theory with intracranial electrophysiology and stimulation to characterize prefrontal networks in humans; (2) Design: Integration of experimental paradigms from neuroeconomics with computational models of neural processing and neurophysiology; (3) Concept: Measuring and modulating cognitive effort through simultaneous recording and stimulation of prefrontal regions during effortful decision-making. The proposed research is significant because it resolves a controversy over the functional roles of key regions of prefrontal cortex in effortful decision making that are putative targets for neuromodulation in addiction. The new fundamental knowledge generated by this proposal will lay the foundation for the development of novel biomarkers and targets for improving cognitive control and decision making in addiction with mechanism-based computationally guided neuromodulation.