Neural Basis of Effortful Decision Making

项目摘要 目前对成瘾的治疗仍然受到不同地区如何在基础知识方面存在差距的限制。 大脑前额叶皮层在做决定时相互作用。在这里，我们研究了前额叶皮层的直接神经相关性， 在高时空分辨率下，人类的控制皮层和努力决策的成本， 为开发新的治疗方法以改善成瘾的决策奠定基础。 这个K23职业发展奖旨在为我提供必要的培训，使我成为一名 独立研究者将颅内决策研究转化为非侵入性生物标志物， 成瘾中神经调节的靶点。为此，我提出以下培训目标：（1） 发展从颅内电生理数据中解码神经的高级技能;（2）获得以下方面的专业知识： 设计神经经济学和计算精神病学实验;（3）获得利用大脑的专业知识 人类行为实验中的刺激。建议项目的整体研究目标是 通过结合神经解码来解决前额叶区域在努力决策过程中所扮演的角色 通过功能连接分析和皮层刺激来扰乱网络功能。 核心假设是，前扣带皮层（ACC）分配认知资源的控制，基于 在眶额皮质（OFC）中评估的控制成本，反过来由效率证据决定 背外侧前额叶皮质（DLPFC）中的累积。本研究的具体目的是（1） 分离前额叶三个区域在认知控制调节中的作用。(2)映射 分配认知努力的前额叶网络;（3）对认知努力网络进行因果解剖。 创新点：（1）方法：采用神经解码、信息论结合颅内电生理、 刺激来表征人类的前额叶网络;（2）设计：实验范式的整合 从神经经济学与神经处理和神经生理学的计算模型;（3）概念： 通过同时记录和刺激前额叶区域来测量和调节认知努力 在艰难的决策过程中。这项拟议中的研究意义重大，因为它解决了一个关于 前额叶皮质关键区域在努力决策中的功能作用，这些区域是推定的目标 成瘾的神经调节这项提议所产生的新的基本知识将奠定 开发新的生物标志物和目标以改善认知控制和决策的基础 使人对基于机制的计算机引导的神经调节上瘾。

PROJECT SUMMARY Current treatments for addiction remain limited by a gap in the fundamental knowledge of how different regions of prefrontal cortex interact in decision-making. Here, we examine the direct neural correlates in prefrontal cortex of the control and costs of effortful decision making in humans at high spatiotemporal resolution, laying the groundwork for the development of new treatments to improve decision making in addiction. This K23 Career Development Award aims to provide me with the necessary training to become an independent investigator translating intracranial studies of decision making into non-invasive biomarkers and targets for neuromodulation in addiction. Toward this end, I propose the following training objectives: (1) Develop advanced skills in neural decoding from intracranial electrophysiology data; (2) gain expertise in designing neuroeconomic and computational psychiatry experiments; and (3) gain expertise in utilizing brain stimulation in human behavioral experiments. The overall research objective of the proposed project is to resolve the roles played by prefrontal regions during effortful decision making by combining a neural decoding with functional connectivity analysis and with cortical stimulation to perturb network function. The central hypothesis is that anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) allocates cognitive resources for control, based on the cost of control assessed in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), in turn determined by the efficiency evidence accumulation in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The specific aims of this research are to (1) Dissociate the roles of three prefrontal regions in the regulation of cognitive control. (2) Map the prefrontal network allocating cognitive effort, and (3) Causally dissect the cognitive effort network. Innovation: (1) Method: Use of neural decoding, information theory with intracranial electrophysiology and stimulation to characterize prefrontal networks in humans; (2) Design: Integration of experimental paradigms from neuroeconomics with computational models of neural processing and neurophysiology; (3) Concept: Measuring and modulating cognitive effort through simultaneous recording and stimulation of prefrontal regions during effortful decision-making. The proposed research is significant because it resolves a controversy over the functional roles of key regions of prefrontal cortex in effortful decision making that are putative targets for neuromodulation in addiction. The new fundamental knowledge generated by this proposal will lay the foundation for the development of novel biomarkers and targets for improving cognitive control and decision making in addiction with mechanism-based computationally guided neuromodulation.