Pandemic preparedness in schools: A community based approach for sentinel surveillance

学校的流行病防范：基于社区的哨点监测方法

• 批准号: 10507578
• 负责人: Nicholas B DeFelice
• 金额: $ 13.05万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2027-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10507578
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Accounting; Adult; Applications Grants; Assimilations; Award; Biological Sciences; COVID-19; COVID-19 mortality; COVID-19 pandemic; Child; Child Development; Chronic; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Community Health; Data; Development; Disease; Engineering; Epidemiology; Faculty; Fostering; Foundations; Future; Goals; Government; Health; Immune; Immune response; Immune system; Immunity; Immunologics; Immunology; Infection; Infection Control; Instruction; Intervention; Knowledge; Learning; Longevity; Mathematics; Measures; Mentors; Mentorship; Modeling; Monitor; New York City; Outcome; Pediatric epidemiology; Persons; Play; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Preparation; Prevalence; Property; Public Health; Public Policy; Quarantine; Reading; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Activity; Respiratory Disease; Risk; Role; SARS-CoV-2 transmission; Schools; Scientist; Sentinel; Sentinel Surveillance; Serology; Shamanism; Social Development; Students; Testing; Time; Training; Training Activity; Translating; Uncertainty; United States; Vaccination; Vaccines; Variant; Viral; Virus; Wages; Work; adaptive immunity; base; built environment; career; cognitive development; community based participatory research; community engagement; community transmission; coronavirus disease; cost; cost effective; design; disease transmission; epidemiological model; experience; improved; infection rate; infection risk; infectious disease model; insight; models and simulation; novel; pandemic disease; pandemic preparedness; pathogen; pressure; prevent; programs; public health emergency; public health relevance; risk mitigation; school environment; severe COVID-19; skills; success; support tools; surveillance data; transmission process; trigger point; virology; virus host interaction

PROJECT SUMMARY The COVID-19 pandemic prompted governments to implement a range of public health measures, including school closures, to slow the spread of SARS-CoV-2. However, the role of in-school transmission of SARS-CoV- 2, what mitigation levels and testing policies are needed, and the value of school closures have been contentious issues. In-person school closures or quarantine policies that prevent students from being in school can have immediate and long-lasting negative impacts on child development. In New York City, the calculated magnitude of student-level learning losses due to COVID-19 and the transition away from classroom-based instruction was on average 125 (69%) and 212 (118%) days of reading and math, respectively, relative to a typical 180-day school year. Across the United States, reduced educational attainment is estimated to translate into a loss of four to five percent of lifetime earning wages. Thus, opening schools to in-person learning is an important step in re-opening the economy and promoting development and success of students; however, it comes with the danger of increasing contact networks and transmission opportunities. To assess this trade-off and the potential for increased transmission, we will build models to incorporate school-level infection monitoring data along with community-level testing data, vaccination data, immunological and serological indicators among students and faculty, in addition to built environment indicators of school settings. These models will allows us to determine associations between community-level transmission rates and test positivity rates within schools (Aim 1), develop an epidemiological disease transmission model that identifies how to cost-effectively collect sentinel school surveillance data (Aim 2), and identify policy trigger points to predict when interventions should be implemented in schools to prevent disease transmission (Aim 3). Although I have the requisite engineering background and experience developing infectious disease models, additional training will maximize success of the proposed project and catalyze a robust independent research program. To accomplish these goals, I will obtain additional training in biological sciences and public health, particularly in community engagement, immunology, virology, and epidemiology. I will develop these skills through didactic training, independent study, and mentorship from experts in these fields: Drs. Maida Galvez, Rachel Vreeman, Jeffrey Shaman, Andrea Graham, Nicole Bouvier, and Chris Gennings. At the end of this training period, I will be uniquely positioned to comprehensively examine the effects of respiratory disease transmission in future research. Further, I will use the knowledge gained and the developed disease transmission models in future grant applications, establishing a crucial step toward my long-term goal of optimally designing infectious disease monitoring networks to reduce the spread of disease and improve the health of communities.

项目总结