BCI-DEF: Brain Computer Interfaces and Disability: Developing an Inclusive Ethical Framework

项目摘要/摘要 《脑机接口与残疾：发展包容性伦理框架》(BCI- Def)“是使用结构化的插曲、视频支持的采访和协商民主的方法来 评估和分析利益相关者关于收益、风险和道德挑战的各种关键观点 脑机接口(BCI)技术。BCI测量和解释大脑信号，并与 允许用户执行任务的设备，例如通信或移动。BCI拥有巨大的希望， 尤其是对于由于神经沟通或运动功能障碍而致残的终端用户，但这 潜力可能会受到未解决的道德挑战的限制。令人担忧的问题包括污名、自主权、 隐私、安全、对人格的影响、责任和正义。通过在这方面的创新方法 项目中，我们将重点关注潜在最终用户(神经性残疾患者)这一主要群体的意见 以及他们的家人/照顾者)和护理急性神经损伤患者的临床医生 到目前为止，缺乏与BCI伦理相关的重要重点领域的信息。包括 包括BCI工程师和研究团队在内的其他关键利益相关者将进一步向审议提供信息 民主方法。我们将通过这个项目进一步调查的问题包括权衡潜在的 BCI的好处和风险；评估围绕BCI和残疾的道德挑战，包括周围的挑战 自主性、耻辱和正义；脑机接口对急性脑损伤患者的残疾认知和临床决策的影响 脑损伤；定义最终用户、家庭和临床医生需要的关键信息，以实现未来 关于BCI使用的明智决定。这项工作对于确保无缝、公平和合乎道德的适应至关重要 正在通过Brain Initiative项目开发创新和尖端的脑机接口技术。

Project Summary/Abstract The objective of “Brain Computer Interfaces and Disability: Developing an Inclusive Ethical Framework (BCI- DEF)” is to use structured vignettes, video-supported interviews, and a deliberative democracy approach to assess and analyze diverse, critical stakeholder perspectives about the benefits, risks, and ethical challenges of Brain Computer Interface (BCI) technology. BCIs measure and interpret brain signals and interface with a device to allow users to perform a task, such as communication or movement. BCIs hold great promise, especially for end users with disability due to neurologic deficits in communication or motor function, but this potential may be limited by unaddressed ethical challenges. Issues of concern include stigma, autonomy, privacy, safety, impacts to personhood, responsibility and justice. Through the innovative approach in this project, we will focus on input from a primary group of potential end users (patients with neurologic disability and their family/caregivers) and clinicians who care for patients with acute neurologic injury to obtain critical and heretofore absent information about important focus areas related to ethics of BCI. The inclusion of additional key stakeholders including BCI engineers and research teams will further inform the deliberative democracy approach. Issues we will further investigate through this project include weighing the potential benefits and risks of BCI; evaluating ethical challenges surrounding BCI and disability including those around autonomy, stigma, and justice; impact of BCI on perceptions of disability and clinical decision making in acute brain injury; and defining critical information needed by end users, families, and clinicians to make future informed decisions about BCI use. This work is critical to ensure seamless, equitable, and ethical adaptation of innovative and cutting edge BCI technologies being developed through BRAIN Initiative projects.