BCI-DEF: Brain Computer Interfaces and Disability: Developing an Inclusive Ethical Framework

项目概要/摘要 脑机接口和残疾：制定一个包容性的道德框架（BCI- DEF）”是使用结构化的小插曲，视频支持的采访，和协商民主的方法， 评估和分析利益相关者对利益、风险和道德挑战的各种重要观点 脑机接口（BCI）技术。脑机接口测量和解释大脑信号， 允许用户执行任务（例如通信或移动）的设备。脑机接口有很大的希望， 特别是对于由于交流或运动功能的神经缺陷而残疾的最终用户， 未解决的道德挑战可能会限制潜力。令人关切的问题包括耻辱、自主权、 隐私、安全、对人格的影响、责任和公正。通过创新的方法， 项目中，我们将重点关注潜在最终用户（神经功能障碍患者）的主要群体的输入 及其家人/护理人员）和护理急性神经损伤患者的临床医生， 并且迄今为止缺乏关于与BCI的伦理学相关的重要焦点领域的信息。列入 包括BCI工程师和研究团队在内的其他关键利益相关者将进一步为审议提供信息， 民主方式。我们将通过这个项目进一步调查的问题包括权衡潜在的 脑机接口的益处和风险;评估围绕脑机接口和残疾的伦理挑战，包括 自主、耻辱和公正;脑机接口对急性脑梗死患者残疾和临床决策的影响 脑损伤;定义最终用户、家庭和临床医生所需的关键信息， 关于BCI使用的明智决策。这项工作对于确保无缝，公平和符合道德的适应至关重要。 创新和尖端的脑机接口技术正在通过脑倡议项目开发。

Project Summary/Abstract The objective of “Brain Computer Interfaces and Disability: Developing an Inclusive Ethical Framework (BCI- DEF)” is to use structured vignettes, video-supported interviews, and a deliberative democracy approach to assess and analyze diverse, critical stakeholder perspectives about the benefits, risks, and ethical challenges of Brain Computer Interface (BCI) technology. BCIs measure and interpret brain signals and interface with a device to allow users to perform a task, such as communication or movement. BCIs hold great promise, especially for end users with disability due to neurologic deficits in communication or motor function, but this potential may be limited by unaddressed ethical challenges. Issues of concern include stigma, autonomy, privacy, safety, impacts to personhood, responsibility and justice. Through the innovative approach in this project, we will focus on input from a primary group of potential end users (patients with neurologic disability and their family/caregivers) and clinicians who care for patients with acute neurologic injury to obtain critical and heretofore absent information about important focus areas related to ethics of BCI. The inclusion of additional key stakeholders including BCI engineers and research teams will further inform the deliberative democracy approach. Issues we will further investigate through this project include weighing the potential benefits and risks of BCI; evaluating ethical challenges surrounding BCI and disability including those around autonomy, stigma, and justice; impact of BCI on perceptions of disability and clinical decision making in acute brain injury; and defining critical information needed by end users, families, and clinicians to make future informed decisions about BCI use. This work is critical to ensure seamless, equitable, and ethical adaptation of innovative and cutting edge BCI technologies being developed through BRAIN Initiative projects.