Heterogeneity in toxicity of oligomeric amyloid beta and neuronal resilience in Alzheimer disease

阿尔茨海默病中寡聚淀粉样蛋白的毒性和神经元弹性的异质性

• 批准号: 10507090
• 负责人: ANDREW MICHAEL STERN
• 金额: $ 19.64万
• 依托单位: BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2027-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10507090
• 关键词: Address; Aducanumab; Affect; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease brain; Alzheimer' s disease model; Alzheimer' s disease patient; Amyloid; Amyloid Fibrils; Amyloid beta-Protein; Antibodies; Binding; Biochemical; Biochemistry; Brain; Calcium; Cellular biology; Characteristics; Chemistry; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Clinical Trials Design; Cognitive; Collaborations; Cryoelectron Microscopy; Data; Dementia; Development Plans; Disease; Disease model; Doctor of Philosophy; Drug Design; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Equipment; Excision; Exposure to; Failure; Funding; Future; Generations; Genetic; Genetic Heterogeneity; Genotype; Goals; Grant; Heterogeneity; Hospital Departments; Hospitals; Human; Image; Impaired cognition; In Vitro; Individual Differences; Induced pluripotent stem cell derived neurons; Instruction; Kinetics; Knowledge; Laboratory Research; Lead; Lesion; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Measures; Medical Genetics; Mentors; Mentorship; Metabolism; Microscope; Modeling; Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Weight; Monoclonal Antibodies; Nerve Degeneration; Neurites; Neurofibrillary Tangles; Neurology; Neurons; Pathogenesis; Pathologic; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Patients; Peptides; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phenotype; Phosphorylation; Post-Translational Protein Processing; Property; Protein Chemistry; Protein Conformation; Proteins; Publishing; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Senile Plaques; Specificity; Structure; Symptoms; Synapses; Testing; Time; Tissues; Toxic effect; Training; Ultracentrifugation; Woman; Work; Writing; abeta accumulation; age related; amyloid pathology; behavioral neurology; brain tissue; career development; chelation; cohort; design; disease-causing mutation; drug development; experience; experimental study; hyperphosphorylated tau; improved; induced pluripotent stem cell; innovation; instructor; live cell imaging; meetings; monomer; multi-electrode arrays; neuron loss; neuropathology; neurotoxic; neurotoxicity; novel; novel therapeutics; oAβ; preference; reduce symptoms; research and development; resilience; response; skills; stem cells; structural biology; success; symposium; tau Proteins; tau aggregation; tau mutation; tau phosphorylation; theories; therapeutic development; tool; β-amyloid burden

PROJECT SUMMARY This proposal presents a five-year research and career development plan for Andrew Stern, MD, PhD, in the molecular basis of Alzheimer disease (AD), the leading cause of age-related cognitive failure worldwide. Dr. Stern is an Instructor in cognitive and behavioral neurology at Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH). The “amyloid cascade hypothesis” is the most studied theory of AD pathogenesis, positing that abnormalities in the metabolism of the Aβ peptide lead to the two defining pathologic lesions of AD (amyloid plaques of aggregated Aβ and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau), followed by loss of neurons. There are two central problems with this hypothesis: some patients have abundant amyloid plaques but little neuronal and cognitive loss; and clinical trials of antibodies that removed amyloid plaques have largely failed to slow decline. This proposal addresses these problems by beginning two answer two questions: 1) What biochemical and structural characteristics of the most toxic form of Aβ, soluble oligomers (oAβ), confer its toxicity? Novel monoclonal antibodies will be used to test if calcium-associated and low molecular weight oAβ subsets are correlated with tau abnormalities and dementia. CryoEM will allow structural characterization of immunoaffinity purified calcium-associated oAβ. 2) Do genetic differences cause some patients’ neurons to be more susceptible to toxic oAβ, and is oAβ from patients with high tau burden and dementia more toxic than oAβ from patients without? Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons (iNs) and post mortem brain tissue, from patients with high amyloid pathology but varying tau and cognitive impairment will be compared using live cell imaging. An important innovation is to use naturally-occurring, human brain-derived oAβ, which may be more disease-relevant than synthetic oAβ. These experiments will help explain inconsistencies in our models of AD pathogenesis. In the long term, the results may assist clinical trial and drug design. The training goals of this proposal are for Dr. Stern to develop the necessary expertise to establish an independent laboratory researching the molecular pathogenesis of AD under R01 funding. Over the five years, Dr. Stern will acquire specific skills each with the one-on-one mentorship of an expert advisor: Aβ biochemistry (Dr. Selkoe), iN models (Dr. Young-Pearse), protein conformational chemistry and structural biology (Dr. Vos), neuropathology of neurodegeneration (Dr. Feany), and knowledge of AD clinical therapeutic development (Dr. Sperling). Dr. Stern has developed a training plan consisting of one-on-one meetings, in-person courses, and conferences. All mentors and advisors are renowned experts in their fields. Dr. Selkoe (primary mentor) is a leading AD researcher with decades of mentorship experience, including successful K08 awardees. Dr. Young- Pearse (co-mentor) is also a leading AD researcher, particularly in iN models of disease, and an accomplished mentor. The BWH Department of Neurology is committed to supporting Dr. Stern through protected research time (85%) and state-of-the-art facilities and equipment.

项目摘要 该提案提出了一个为期五年的研究和职业发展计划安德鲁斯特恩，医学博士，博士， 阿尔茨海默病（AD）是世界范围内与年龄相关的认知功能衰竭的主要原因。 博士斯特恩是布里格姆妇女医院（BWH）的认知和行为神经学讲师。 “淀粉样蛋白级联假说”是AD发病机制研究最多的理论， Aβ肽代谢的异常导致AD的两种定义性病理损伤（淀粉样蛋白 聚集的Aβ斑块和过度磷酸化的tau的神经元缠结），随后是神经元损失。 这一假说有两个核心问题：有些患者有大量的淀粉样斑块， 神经元和认知功能丧失;去除淀粉样蛋白斑块的抗体的临床试验在很大程度上失败了， 缓慢下降。这个建议通过回答两个问题来解决这些问题：1）什么 最具毒性的Aβ形式可溶性寡聚体（oAβ）的生化和结构特征赋予其 毒性？新的单克隆抗体将用于检测钙相关和低分子量oAβ是否 亚群与tau异常和痴呆相关。CryoEM将允许结构表征 免疫亲和纯化的钙相关oAβ。2)遗传差异是否会导致某些患者的神经元 更容易受到毒性oAβ的影响，高tau负荷和痴呆患者的oAβ是否比 无oAβ的患者诱导多能干细胞衍生的神经元（iN）和死后脑组织， 来自具有高淀粉样蛋白病理学但不同tau和认知障碍的患者， 细胞成像一个重要的创新是使用天然存在的人脑源性oAβ， 比合成的oAβ更有疾病相关性这些实验将有助于解释我们模型中的不一致性 AD发病机制从长远来看，这些结果可能有助于临床试验和药物设计。 本提案的培训目标是让Stern博士发展必要的专业知识， 在R 01的资助下，独立实验室研究AD的分子发病机制。在这五年里， 博士斯特恩将获得特定的技能，每个与一对一的指导专家顾问：Aβ生物化学 (Dr. Selkoe），iN模型（Young-Pearse博士），蛋白质构象化学和结构生物学（Vos博士）， 神经变性的神经病理学（Dr. Feany）和AD临床治疗开发的知识（Dr. Sperling）。斯特恩博士制定了一个培训计划，包括一对一的会议，面对面的课程， 两会所有导师和顾问都是各自领域的知名专家。Selkoe博士（主要导师）是一位 拥有数十年导师经验的领先AD研究人员，包括成功的K 08获奖者。杨医生 Pearse（共同导师）也是一位领先的AD研究人员，特别是在疾病的iN模型方面， 导师BWH神经病学系致力于通过受保护的研究支持斯特恩博士 时间（85%）和最先进的设施和设备。