Novel frameworks for explaining unequal access to the health benefits of social ties: a longitudinal analysis in wild chimpanzees

解释社会关系带来的健康益处不平等的新框架：对野生黑猩猩的纵向分析

• 批准号: 10512365
• 负责人: Zarin Machanda
• 金额: $ 31.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10512365
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age; Aging; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Biological Models; Body Size; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Science; Data Set; Development; Diarrhea; Dimensions; Environment; Equilibrium; Exhibits; Female; Genetic; Glucocorticoids; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Human; Individual; Intervention; Investments; Life Cycle Stages; Longevity; Maintenance; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Outcome; Oxidative Stress; Pan Genus; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phase; Physiological; Preparation; Prevention strategy; Primates; Property; Research; Risk; Sampling; Shapes; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Social Network; Social Processes; Social Values; Social support; Stress; System; Testing; Time; Urine; Validation; Variant; Work; analytical tool; biobank; biological adaptation to stress; clinical outcome measures; comparative; cost; design; effective intervention; experience; health inequalities; healthy aging; human subject; immune activation; indexing; innovation; longitudinal analysis; longitudinal dataset; male; mortality; nonhuman primate; novel; respiratory; social; social attachment; social engagement; social influence; social integration; social relationships; trait; urinary

PROJECT SUMMARY Social integration and social support have profound and long-lasting effects on health and mortality. With such advantages, it is surprising that individuals vary so much in their ability to access the health benefits of social ties. In order to design more effective intervention and prevention strategies involving social support, it is vital to understand the factors that affect individual engagement with social networks, as well as which features of social relationships contribute most reliably to health outcomes. Research of this kind is quite difficult with human subjects given that long and complex social experiences are often distilled into broad subjective and retrospective measures of social support. Non-human primates have emerged as tractable and appropriate model systems for investigating interactions between social processes and health. Primate social bonds yield similar health or survival benefits to those in humans, yet social behaviors can be directly observed and objectively quantified. Chimpanzees are particularly valuable comparative models because they are long-lived and socially-complex, share a close genetic relationship with humans, and exhibit important similarities in social aging trajectories. The Kibale Chimpanzee Project has collected a dense, longitudinal sample comprising >25 years of systematic, daily observations of wild chimpanzee social behavior paired with routine monitoring for urinary biomarkers of stress and physiological health. The currently proposed work capitalizes on the extraordinary capacity of this dataset to elucidate long-term interactions between stress response systems, social relationship maintenance, and aging. The overarching goal of this research is to elucidate the factors that affect unequal access to the health benefits of social ties. Our innovative approach centers on the perspective that the development of beneficial social support networks entails costly investments and the risk of stressful, health-compromising experiences. We hypothesize that both early development and aging shape individual sensitivity to relationship stress, which affects how individuals engage in their social environments. Aim 1 will evaluate how body size and trait glucocorticoid function, factors influenced by development, predict investment in and quality of social relationships. Aim 2 will evaluate how relationship quality attributes, such as the stability and equitability of bonds and the balance of positive and negative interactions, moderate the influence of social bonds on health and mortality. For Aim 3, we will integrate the results of Aims 1 and 2 into a comprehensive framework by addressing whether individual developmental traits interact with social relationship quality or act independently to shape health, and how these influences are modified by changes in sociality during aging. The planning phase of the research will involve necessary data preparation and development and validation of novel analytical tools for assessing trait glucocorticoid variation and the multidimensional properties of social bonds.

项目摘要 社会融合和社会支持对健康和死亡率具有深远和持久的影响。与这些 然而，令人惊讶的是，个人在获得社会福利的健康益处方面的能力差异如此之大， 关系的为了设计更有效的干预和预防战略，包括社会支持， 了解影响个人参与社交网络的因素，以及 社会关系对健康成果的贡献最为可靠。这种研究是相当困难的， 鉴于长期和复杂的社会经验，人类受试者往往被提炼成广泛的主观和 社会支持的回顾性措施。 非人类灵长类动物已经成为研究相互作用的易处理和适当的模型系统 社会进程和健康之间的关系。灵长类动物的社会纽带产生类似的健康或生存利益， 人类，但社会行为可以直接观察和客观量化。黑猩猩尤其是 有价值的比较模型，因为它们是长寿和社会复杂的，共享一个密切的遗传 与人类的关系，并在社会老龄化轨迹中表现出重要的相似性。Kibale黑猩猩 该项目收集了一个密集的纵向样本，包括25年以上的系统性日常观察， 野生黑猩猩的社会行为与常规监测压力的尿液生物标志物配对， 生理健康目前拟议的工作利用了这一数据集的非凡能力， 阐明压力反应系统，社会关系维护和衰老之间的长期相互作用。 这项研究的总体目标是阐明影响不平等获得健康的因素。 社会关系的好处。我们的创新方法集中在这样一个观点，即发展有益的 社会支助网络需要昂贵的投资，并有可能带来压力和损害健康的经历。 我们假设，早期发育和衰老都塑造了个体对关系压力的敏感性， 影响个人如何参与社会环境。目标1将评估身体大小和特征 糖皮质激素功能，影响因素，发展，预测投资和社会质量 关系。目标2将评估关系质量属性，如稳定性和公平性， 社会关系和积极与消极互动的平衡，缓和了社会关系对健康的影响 and mortality.关于目标3，我们将把目标1和目标2的成果纳入一个综合框架， 解决个体发展特征是否与社会关系质量相互作用或独立行动 塑造健康，以及这些影响是如何被老龄化过程中社会性的变化所改变的。规划 研究阶段将涉及必要的数据准备和开发以及验证新的 分析工具，用于评估性状糖皮质激素的变化和社会债券的多维属性。