Ethical and Policy Aspects of Cortical Visual Prosthetics Research: An Empirical Neuroethics Study
皮质视觉修复研究的伦理和政策方面:一项实证神经伦理学研究
基本信息
- 批准号:10523531
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 7.45万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2021
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2021-11-01 至 2024-10-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AddressAnatomyAttentionBRAIN initiativeBenefits and RisksBlindnessBypassCommunicationCommunitiesComplexDataDeep Brain StimulationDevelopmentDevicesDimensionsElementsEligibility DeterminationEmerging TechnologiesEthical AnalysisEthicsEthnographyFarGoFeasibility StudiesFundingFutureGoalsHuman Subject ResearchIndividualInstitutionInterventionInterviewLifeLiteratureMeasuresMentorsMethodsModalityMovement DisordersNatureOcular ProsthesisParticipantPersonsPhysiologicalPoliciesProsthesisPublicationsPublishingQualifyingQuality of lifeResearchResearch PersonnelRiskRoleStructureSurveysSystemTechnologyTrainingUncertaintyUnited States National Institutes of HealthUpper ExtremityVisionVisualVisual CortexVisual PerceptionVisually Impaired PersonsWorkanalogblindbrain basedbrain computer interfacecommunication devicedisabilityempowermentexpectationexperienceimprovedinnovationinsightmemberneuralneural implantneuroethicsneurotechnologynext generationparticipant observationprogramsrestorationsensory prosthesissight restorationsocialstakeholder perspectivessuccesssurgical risktool
项目摘要
Project Summary
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have emerged as a promising modality for restoring physiological functions
such as mobility, communication, and visual perception. The BRAIN Initiative is a key driver of BCIs, funding
development of prosthetics for movement disorders, communication devices, and cortical visual prosthetics
(CVPs). CVPs aim to restore some degree of sight or a functional analogue for people who are blind. Unlike
other methods of sight restoration, CVPs bypass damaged or dysfunctional ocular anatomy, aiming to provide
potentially life-altering benefits via a distinctive, brain-based approach. But while other brain implants, including
other BCIs, are widely studied and discussed by neuroethicists, CVPs have received little attention and there is
a lack of empirical data on stakeholder perspectives about CVPs. CVPs raise special considerations due to
conceptual questions about the role of blindness in identity, autonomy, quality of life, and other dimensions of
non-clinical risk and benefit. CVPs are a potential tool for empowering blind individuals, but the specialized nature
of the intervention raises issues of access, and it is also crucial that this research avoid unexpected group harms
to the blind community. Furthermore, the visual experience that CVP technology is likely to provide even in a
best-case scenario is quite different from typical vision. Thus, there is uncertainty about how to measure success
in CVP research. Responsible development of CVPs must take into consideration the perspectives of
researchers and participants on the issue of how to define restoration of function and determine degree of
improvement necessary to qualify as success. Aim 1 will determine how members of a CVP research team define
restoration of function and its ethical importance as a research goal by utilizing an embedded neuroethics
approach (ethnographic participant observation) with a lab conducting human subjects research on CVPs. Aim
2 will identify the values that guide and ought to guide current and future practice in the field from the perspective
of CVP researchers using in-depth qualitative interviews. Aim 3 will employ similar interviews to explore the
values that guide and ought to guide current and future practice in the field from the perspective of individuals
with experience as participants in CVP research. This project will help identify and address ethics and policy
dimensions of next-generation CVP systems, helping to maximize the individual and social benefits of the
research while minimizing its risks and providing values-based guidance for development of neurotechnologies
aiming to restore vision and other physiological functions.
项目摘要
脑-机接口(BCI)已成为恢复生理功能的一种有前途的方式
例如移动性、通信和视觉感知。BRAIN计划是BCI的关键驱动力,
运动障碍修复术、交流装置和皮层视觉修复术的发展
(CVP)。CVP旨在为盲人恢复一定程度的视力或功能类似物。不像
视力恢复的其他方法,CVP绕过受损或功能障碍的眼部解剖结构,旨在提供
通过一种独特的、基于大脑的方法,但是其他的大脑植入物,
其他BCI被神经伦理学家广泛研究和讨论,CVP很少受到关注,
缺乏关于利益相关者对CVP看法的经验数据。CVP提出了特殊考虑,
关于失明在身份,自主性,生活质量和其他方面的作用的概念问题。
非临床风险和受益。CVP是一种赋予盲人权力的潜在工具,但其专业性质
干预措施提出了获取问题,这项研究避免意外的群体伤害也至关重要。
盲人社区。此外,CVP技术即使在一个
最好的情况与典型的视觉完全不同。因此,如何衡量成功存在不确定性
在CVP研究中。负责任地开发CVP必须考虑以下方面的观点:
研究人员和与会者就如何定义恢复功能和确定程度的问题,
取得成功所必需的改进。目标1将决定CVP研究团队的成员如何定义
利用嵌入式神经伦理学恢复功能及其作为研究目标的伦理重要性
方法(民族志参与观察)与实验室进行人类受试者的研究CVP。目的
2将确定指导和应该指导该领域当前和未来实践的价值观,
CVP研究人员使用深入的定性访谈。Aim 3将采用类似的访谈来探讨
从个人角度指导并应该指导该领域当前和未来实践的价值观
有参与CVP研究的经验。该项目将有助于确定和处理道德和政策问题
下一代CVP系统的各个方面,有助于最大限度地提高个人和社会效益,
研究,同时最大限度地减少其风险,并为神经技术的发展提供基于价值的指导
旨在恢复视力和其他生理功能。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}
Peter David Zuk其他文献
Peter David Zuk的其他文献
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
{{ truncateString('Peter David Zuk', 18)}}的其他基金
Ethical and Policy Aspects of Cortical Visual Prosthetics Research: An Empirical Neuroethics Study
皮质视觉修复研究的伦理和政策方面:一项实证神经伦理学研究
- 批准号:
10507898 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 7.45万 - 项目类别:
相似海外基金
Linking Epidermis and Mesophyll Signalling. Anatomy and Impact in Photosynthesis.
连接表皮和叶肉信号传导。
- 批准号:
EP/Z000882/1 - 财政年份:2024
- 资助金额:
$ 7.45万 - 项目类别:
Fellowship
Digging Deeper with AI: Canada-UK-US Partnership for Next-generation Plant Root Anatomy Segmentation
利用人工智能进行更深入的挖掘:加拿大、英国、美国合作开发下一代植物根部解剖分割
- 批准号:
BB/Y513908/1 - 财政年份:2024
- 资助金额:
$ 7.45万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Simultaneous development of direct-view and video laryngoscopes based on the anatomy and physiology of the newborn
根据新生儿解剖生理同步开发直视喉镜和视频喉镜
- 批准号:
23K11917 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 7.45万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Genetics of Extreme Phenotypes of OSA and Associated Upper Airway Anatomy
OSA 极端表型的遗传学及相关上呼吸道解剖学
- 批准号:
10555809 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 7.45万 - 项目类别:
computational models and analysis of the retinal anatomy and potentially physiology
视网膜解剖学和潜在生理学的计算模型和分析
- 批准号:
2825967 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 7.45万 - 项目类别:
Studentship
Computational comparative anatomy: Translating between species in neuroscience
计算比较解剖学:神经科学中物种之间的翻译
- 批准号:
BB/X013227/1 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 7.45万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research: Social and ecological influences on brain anatomy
博士论文研究:社会和生态对大脑解剖学的影响
- 批准号:
2235348 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 7.45万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Development of a novel visualization, labeling, communication and tracking engine for human anatomy.
开发一种新颖的人体解剖学可视化、标签、通信和跟踪引擎。
- 批准号:
10761060 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 7.45万 - 项目类别:
Understanding the functional anatomy of nociceptive spinal output neurons
了解伤害性脊髓输出神经元的功能解剖结构
- 批准号:
10751126 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 7.45万 - 项目类别:
Anatomy and functions of LTP interactomes and their relationship to small RNA signals in systemic acquired resistance
LTP相互作用组的解剖和功能及其与系统获得性耐药中小RNA信号的关系
- 批准号:
BB/X013049/1 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 7.45万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant














{{item.name}}会员




