Ethical and Policy Aspects of Cortical Visual Prosthetics Research: An Empirical Neuroethics Study
皮质视觉修复研究的伦理和政策方面:一项实证神经伦理学研究
基本信息
- 批准号:10523531
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 7.45万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2021
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2021-11-01 至 2024-10-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AddressAnatomyAttentionBRAIN initiativeBenefits and RisksBlindnessBypassCommunicationCommunitiesComplexDataDeep Brain StimulationDevelopmentDevicesDimensionsElementsEligibility DeterminationEmerging TechnologiesEthical AnalysisEthicsEthnographyFarGoFeasibility StudiesFundingFutureGoalsHuman Subject ResearchIndividualInstitutionInterventionInterviewLifeLiteratureMeasuresMentorsMethodsModalityMovement DisordersNatureOcular ProsthesisParticipantPersonsPhysiologicalPoliciesProsthesisPublicationsPublishingQualifyingQuality of lifeResearchResearch PersonnelRiskRoleStructureSurveysSystemTechnologyTrainingUncertaintyUnited States National Institutes of HealthUpper ExtremityVisionVisualVisual CortexVisual PerceptionVisually Impaired PersonsWorkanalogblindbrain basedbrain computer interfacecommunication devicedisabilityempowermentexpectationexperienceimprovedinnovationinsightmemberneuralneural implantneuroethicsneurotechnologynext generationparticipant observationprogramsrestorationsensory prosthesissight restorationsocialstakeholder perspectivessuccesssurgical risktool
项目摘要
Project Summary
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have emerged as a promising modality for restoring physiological functions
such as mobility, communication, and visual perception. The BRAIN Initiative is a key driver of BCIs, funding
development of prosthetics for movement disorders, communication devices, and cortical visual prosthetics
(CVPs). CVPs aim to restore some degree of sight or a functional analogue for people who are blind. Unlike
other methods of sight restoration, CVPs bypass damaged or dysfunctional ocular anatomy, aiming to provide
potentially life-altering benefits via a distinctive, brain-based approach. But while other brain implants, including
other BCIs, are widely studied and discussed by neuroethicists, CVPs have received little attention and there is
a lack of empirical data on stakeholder perspectives about CVPs. CVPs raise special considerations due to
conceptual questions about the role of blindness in identity, autonomy, quality of life, and other dimensions of
non-clinical risk and benefit. CVPs are a potential tool for empowering blind individuals, but the specialized nature
of the intervention raises issues of access, and it is also crucial that this research avoid unexpected group harms
to the blind community. Furthermore, the visual experience that CVP technology is likely to provide even in a
best-case scenario is quite different from typical vision. Thus, there is uncertainty about how to measure success
in CVP research. Responsible development of CVPs must take into consideration the perspectives of
researchers and participants on the issue of how to define restoration of function and determine degree of
improvement necessary to qualify as success. Aim 1 will determine how members of a CVP research team define
restoration of function and its ethical importance as a research goal by utilizing an embedded neuroethics
approach (ethnographic participant observation) with a lab conducting human subjects research on CVPs. Aim
2 will identify the values that guide and ought to guide current and future practice in the field from the perspective
of CVP researchers using in-depth qualitative interviews. Aim 3 will employ similar interviews to explore the
values that guide and ought to guide current and future practice in the field from the perspective of individuals
with experience as participants in CVP research. This project will help identify and address ethics and policy
dimensions of next-generation CVP systems, helping to maximize the individual and social benefits of the
research while minimizing its risks and providing values-based guidance for development of neurotechnologies
aiming to restore vision and other physiological functions.
项目总结
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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Peter David Zuk其他文献
Peter David Zuk的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Peter David Zuk', 18)}}的其他基金
Ethical and Policy Aspects of Cortical Visual Prosthetics Research: An Empirical Neuroethics Study
皮质视觉修复研究的伦理和政策方面:一项实证神经伦理学研究
- 批准号:
10507898 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 7.45万 - 项目类别:
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