An Experimental Evaluation of How Survey Measurement of Sexual Identity Affects Population Estimates of Identity-Based Differences in the Prevalence of Adverse Health Outcomes

性别认同的调查测量如何影响不良健康结果发生率中基于身份的差异的人口估计的实验评估

• 批准号: 10526008
• 负责人: Brady T West
• 金额: $ 8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-20 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10526008
• 关键词: Adolescence; Affect; Age; Alcohols; Anxiety; Area; Attenuated; Bisexual; Cessation of life; Climacteric; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Demography; Development; Discrimination; Disease; Drug usage; Education; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Family; Funding; Future; Gays; Growth; Health; Health Policy; Health behavior; Individual; International; Knowledge; Lesbian; Lesbian Gay Bisexual; Link; Measurement; Measures; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methodology; Methods; Moods; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Outcome; Policies; Population; Prevalence; Public Health; Publishing; Qualitative Research; Race; Randomized; Reporting; Reproductive Health; Research; Research Personnel; Respondent; Risk; Risk Factors; Sample Size; Sampling; Sex Behavior; Sexual Health; Social Sciences; Subgroup; Substance Use Disorder; Suicide; Surveys; Work; attenuation; base; behavioral outcome; clinical practice; design; disorder risk; experience; experimental study; health data; high risk; high risk sexual behavior; improved; innovation; interest; novel; practice setting; reproductive; response; secondary analysis; sex; sexual identity; sexual minority; sexual minority group; sociodemographics; substance misuse; substance use; tool; young adult

ABSTRACT A large body of research has presented evidence of significant differences among subgroups of individuals defined by sexual identity in terms of the prevalence of adverse health outcomes, where subgroups of individuals who identify as sexual minorities (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual) have been shown to be at higher risk of substance use disorders, mental health disorders, suicidality, discrimination, and risky sexual behaviors. This research has led to the implementation of public health policies designed to understand and reduce these differences at the local, state and national levels. The majority of this research has utilized secondary analyses of large national survey data sets that collect measures of both sexual identity and the various health behaviors, so the validity of the estimated differences reported in these studies therefore relies heavily on high- quality measurement of the construct of sexual identity. Despite a large amount of recent qualitative work on methods for improving this measurement, much of our existing knowledge about these differences is based on surveys that collected relatively simple closed-ended measures of this construct. This practice introduces a risk of survey respondents being misclassified in terms of their sexual identity, especially if respondents do not perceive that the small number of sexual identity options provided apply to them. This misclassification will ultimately attenuate population estimates of the associations between sexual identity and health outcomes, potentially understating differences or providing misleading estimates of the directions of the differences. The proposed PI and co-I recently published a demonstration of this significant problem at the national level in a preliminary study using novel experimental data from the NICHD-funded National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG). This proposed secondary analysis project aims to build on this preliminary work, consistent with the purpose and scope of Notice of Special Interest NOT-HD-20-022. By conducting secondary analyses of data collected from five years of the NSFG (2015-2019), where two large national half-samples were randomly assigned to receive different versions of a question about sexual identity, and also conducting parallel analyses of identical data from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health (2015-2019) for replication purposes, this project will evaluate the possibility of attenuation in estimates of the differences between sexual identity subgroups in the distributions of additional health outcomes of interest to NICHD, and extend the study of the attenuation problem to socio-demographic subgroups and the potential moderation of these differences by state-level policies related to the protection of sexual minorities. Results from the proposed work will inform existing policies and motivate future experimental research further evaluating improved tools for the measurement of sexual identity in national surveys.

抽象的 大量研究证明个体亚群之间存在显着差异 根据不良健康结果的发生率来定义性别认同，其中亚组 被认为是性少数群体（例如女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋）的人已被证明面临更高的风险 物质使用障碍、精神健康障碍、自杀、歧视和危险性行为。 这项研究导致了旨在了解和减少这些疾病的公共卫生政策的实施。 地方、州和国家层面的差异。这项研究的大部分都利用了二次分析 收集性别认同和各种健康指标的大型全国调查数据集 行为，因此这些研究中报告的估计差异的有效性在很大程度上依赖于高 性别认同构建的质量测量。尽管最近有大量关于 改进这种测量的方法，我们现有的关于这些差异的大部分知识都是基于 收集了这种结构的相对简单的封闭式测量的调查。这种做法会带来风险 的调查受访者在性别认同方面被错误分类，尤其是当受访者不这样做时 认为所提供的少数性别认同选项适用于他们。这种错误分类将 最终削弱了对性别认同与健康结果之间关联的人口估计， 可能低估差异或对差异方向提供误导性估计。这 拟议的 PI 和 co-I 最近在国家层面发表了这一重大问题的论证 使用 NICHD 资助的全国家庭成长调查的新实验数据进行初步研究 （国家科学基金会）。 拟议的二次分析项目旨在以这项初步工作为基础，并与 特别利益通知 NOT-HD-20-022 的目的和范围。通过对数据进行二次分析 收集自 NSFG 的五年（2015-2019），其中随机抽取了两个大型全国半样本 被分配接收有关性别认同问题的不同版本，并进行并行分析 为了复制目的，使用了全国药物使用和健康调查（2015-2019）的相同数据， 项目将评估性别认同差异估计衰减的可能性 NICHD 感兴趣的额外健康结果分布中的亚组，并扩展了 社会人口亚群体的衰减问题以及这些差异的潜在缓和 与保护性少数群体有关的国家级政策。拟议工作的结果将告知 现有政策并激励未来的实验研究进一步评估改进的工具 国家调查中性别认同的衡量。