The Epidemiology of Cognitive Decline in African Americans: Identifying Risk and Protective Factors

非裔美国人认知能力下降的流行病学：识别风险和保护因素

• 批准号: 10526188
• 负责人: DeAnnah Roshae Byrd
• 金额: $ 12.47万
• 依托单位: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10526188
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; African American population; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Arizona; Baltimore; Biological; Biological Factors; Biological Markers; Black American; Black Populations; Black race; Body Composition; Buffers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Consequentialism; Data; Dementia; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Doctor of Philosophy; Elderly; Environment; Epidemiology; Event; Genetic; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Hypertension; Impaired cognition; Individual; Inflammation; Inflammatory; International; Knowledge; Lead; Life; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Mediating; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Minority; Minority Groups; Network-based; Not Hispanic or Latino; Older Population; Outcome; Pattern; Policies; Population; Prevalence; Process; Psychosocial Factor; Psychosocial Stress; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Short-Term Memory; Social support; Societal Factors; Societies; Stress; Stress and Coping; Training; Universities; Variant; aged; aging population; career; cognitive change; cognitive function; coping; dementia risk; epidemiology study; ethnic diversity; experience; health disparity; high risk; improved; inflammatory marker; innovation; perceived stress; processing speed; professor; programs; protective effect; protective factors; psychosocial; racial diversity; social; social engagement; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT By 2060, 44% of older U.S. adults will be non-Hispanic White compared with 60% in 2020. Cognitive decline in this growing racially and ethnically diverse older population is a major public health concern. Blacks are disproportionately affected by Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD), and potentially experience a faster rate of cognitive decline than other groups. Yet, little is known is about the mechanisms underlying this increased prevalence. Genetic mechanisms do not account entirely for the higher risk of decline and ADRD in older Black adults, suggesting that other factors may explain this variation. However, the majority of cognitive aging research derives from studies that have compared Blacks to Whites versus exploring within-group variability in health conditions, biological, and psychosocial risk and protective factors that may account for these differences. This study's overall goal is to clarify risk and protective factors underlying cognitive decline in Blacks by: (1) Examining the relation between high blood pressure (HBP) and domain-specific cognitive decline and exploring how serious life events and social support modify the HBP-cognition association; (2) Exploring the relation between inflammation and cognitive decline and how HBP mediates the relation between serious life events and cognition; and (3) Identifying the consequence of perceived stress on changes in cognition and evaluating whether HBP and social support moderates the stress-cognition relationship. The research plan will leverage valuable secondary data from two nationally recognized studies of older adults. This K01 Award application will facilitate the training and professional development of Dr. Byrd to launch her career as an independent investigator in the field of aging, cognition, and ADRD. The five-year training plan will fill gaps in (1) cognitive decline and aging research and (2) stress and coping theories, while building on her methodological strengths to include (3) advanced longitudinal methods. Dr. Byrd will complete the proposed research in the rich training environment of Arizona State University (ASU), with co-primary mentorship from David Coon, PhD, Professor and geropsychologist (ASU) and Roland J. Thorpe, PhD, Professor of Health, Behavior and Society and minority aging expert (John Hopkin’s University) and nationally and internationally recognized secondary mentors Peter Lichtenberg, PhD (geriatric neuropsychologist), Keith Whitfield, PhD (expert on cognition among Blacks) ,Toni Antonucci, PhD (social relations across the lifespan) and renowned biostatistician Wassim Tarraf, PhD. The proposal addresses Goals B and F of the NIA Strategic Directions for Research on Aging, which calls for research that seeks to understand 1) the effects of personal, interpersonal, and societal factors on aging and 2) health disparities among older adults. Our research has the potential to influence individual outcomes as well as affect policies and programs aimed at improving cognitive health for the aging population, particularly for Black Americans who are at greatest risk for cognitive decline and ADRD.

项目摘要/摘要 到2060年，美国年龄较大的成年人中有44％将是非西班牙裔白人，而在2020年为60％。认知能力下降。 这种大致和种族不同的老年人口是一个主要的公共卫生问题。黑人是 不成比例地受到阿尔茨海默氏病和相关痴呆症（ADRD）的影响，并可能经验 与其他群体相比，认知能力下降的速度更快。然而，鲜为人知的是关于此的机制 患病率增加。遗传机制并不能完全解释较高的下降和ADRD的风险 年长的黑人成年人，表明其他因素可能解释了这种变化。但是，大多数认知 衰老研究来自将黑人与白人与探索组内进行比较的研究 健康状况，生物学和社会心理风险的变异性以及可能解释的保护因素 这些差异。这项研究的总体目标是阐明认知能力下降的风险和保护因素 在黑人中：（1）检查高血压（HBP）与特异性认知之间的关系 拒绝并探索严重的生活事件和社会支持如何改变HBP认知协会； （2） 探索炎症与认知能力下降之间的关系，以及HBP如何介导 严重的生活事件和认知； （3）确定对压力变化的压力的结果 认知和评估HBP和社会支持是否适应压力认知关系。这 研究计划将利用两项全国认可的老年人研究的宝贵二级数据。 该K01奖项申请将促进伯德博士的培训和专业发展，以启动她 职业是衰老，认知和ADRD领域的独立调查员。五年培训计划将 填补（1）认知能力下降和衰老研究的空白，以及（2）在她的基础上建立压力和应对理论 包括（3）晚期纵向方法的方法学强度。伯德博士将完成拟议的 亚利桑那州立大学（ASU）丰富的培训环境的研究，并从 David Coon博士，教授兼Geropsyce Suoldics（ASU）和Roland J. Thorpe博士，卫生教授， 行为与社会以及少数族裔老化专家（约翰·霍普金的大学）以及国内和国际 公认的二级导师彼得·利希滕伯格（Peter Lichtenberg）博士（老年神经心理学家），基思·惠特菲尔德（Keith Whitfield） （黑人认知专家），托尼·安东尼奇（Toni Antonucci），博士学位（整个生命周期的社会关系）并闻名 生物统计学家瓦西姆·塔拉夫（Wassim Tarraf）博士。该提案解决了NIA战略方向的目标B和F 对衰老的研究，要求进行研究，以寻求了解1）个人，人际关系的影响 和衰老的社会因素和2）老年人的健康差异。我们的研究有可能 影响个人成果，并影响旨在改善认知健康的政策和计划 人口老龄化，特别是对于有认知能力下降和ADRD风险的黑人美国人。