A measurement development and validation study of the Strong Black Woman Schema in Intimate Partnerships Scale (SBWS-IP)

项目总结/摘要 黑人妇女报告终生IPV的患病率高于白色和拉丁美洲妇女。这些经验 对黑人妇女的身心健康造成了一些后果，包括更高的 抑郁、焦虑、创伤后应激障碍、自杀倾向和低自尊。此外，他们还面临 由于消极的性别-种族歧视的普遍存在和持续存在， 刻板印象，将他们描述为性欲旺盛的Jezebels，言语攻击的Sapphires，或弹性， 坚强的黑人女性（SBW）当黑人妇女谈判的社会文化期望， 这些陈规定型观念，他们的投资和能力，有效地寻求帮助和支持时，他们的经验， IPV可能会受到严重阻碍。然而，很少有人知道文化认可的寻求帮助的行为 被IPV的黑人女性幸存者使用。目前的建议采用了探索性的顺序混合方法 研究设计，以了解如何体现SBW图式不仅影响黑人妇女的帮助， 寻求行为，但他们的整体心理健康。在目标1中，研究小组将对 定性和定量文献的图表特征的强大的黑人妇女的刻板印象， 产生一个初步项目的初步池强黑人妇女图式在亲密伙伴关系（SBWS- IP）规模。焦点小组和认知访谈将与目标2中的年轻黑人妇女进行，以探索 SBWS-IP量表的内容效度和条目清晰度。目标3将利用在线调查 评估SBWS-IP并检查测量的信度和结构效度，使用项目 反应理论、探索性和验证性因素分析。最终的研究目标将使用在线数据 评估和结构方程模型，以测试中介途径，通过内化 的SBW图式与IPV帮助寻求策略和心理健康。完成建议 这项研究将产生一个量化工具，使人们更细致地了解特定文化 防止黑人妇女参与IPV相关帮助寻求行为的性别规范， 恢复力和促进心理健康。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Black women report higher prevalence rates of lifetime IPV than White and Latina women. These experiences result in a number of physical and mental health consequences for Black women, including greater rates of depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, suicidality, and low self-esteem. In addition, they face unique forms of discrimination as a result of the prevalence and persistence of negative gendered-racial stereotypes that characterize them as hypersexual Jezebels, verbally aggressive Sapphires, or resilient and emotionally tough Strong Black Women (SBW). As Black women negotiate the socio-cultural expectations of these stereotypes, their investment in and capacity to effectively seek help and support when they experience IPV may be significantly hampered. Yet, little is known about the culturally sanctioned help-seeking behaviors utilized by Black female survivors of IPV. The current proposal uses an exploratory sequential mixed methods research design to understand how embodying the SBW schema influences not only Black women’s help seeking behaviors, but their overall mental health. In Aim 1, the research team will perform a scoping review of the qualitative and quantitative literature on schematic characteristics of the strong Black woman stereotype to generate an initial pool of preliminary items for Strong Black Woman Schema in Intimate Partnerships (SBWS- IP) scale. Focus groups and cognitive interviews will be conducted with young Black women in Aim 2 to explore the content validity of the developed SBWS-IP scale and ensure item clarity. Aim 3 will utilize an online survey assessment of the SBWS-IP and examine the reliability and construct validity of the measure, using item response theory, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The final study aim will use data from the online assessment and structural equation modeling to test the intermediary pathways through which internalization of the SBW schema is linked with IPV help seeking strategies and mental health. Completion of the proposed study will result in a quantitative tool that will provide a more nuanced understanding of the culturally specific gender norms that prevent Black women from engaging in IPV related help seeking behaviors that foster resilience and promote mental health.