Impact of Bacteriophages on Virulence and Transmission of Vibrio cholerae

噬菌体对霍乱弧菌毒力和传播的影响

• 批准号: 10548231
• 负责人: Andrew Camilli
• 金额: $ 46.5万
• 依托单位: TUFTS UNIVERSITY BOSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-05-15 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10548231
• 关键词: Adsorption; Animals; Area; Bacteria; Bacteriophages; Biological Assay; Cells; Cholera; Cholera Toxin; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats; Cyclophosphamide; DNA; Data; Disease; Environment; Evolution; Fiber; Gastrointestinal tract structure; Genes; Genome; Household; In Vitro; Infant; Infection; Life Cycle Stages; Lytic; Measures; Modeling; Mus; Oral; Oryctolagus cuniculus; Pathogenesis; Phenotype; Plaque Assay; Play; Population; Population Sizes; Predatory Behavior; Production; Prophage Inductions; Prophages; Publishing; Role; Small Intestines; Symptoms; Tail; Testing; Time; Toxin; Vibrio cholerae; Virulence; Virulence Factors; Virulent; Virus; Water; biotypes; contaminated water; deep sequencing; density; diarrheal disease; disease transmission; experimental study; fitness; mutant; pathogen; pathogenic bacteria; prevent; prophylactic; transmission process; waterborne; waterborne pathogen

PROJECT SUMMARY Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Phages have been shown to play important roles in the life cycle of many bacterial pathogens, particularly water-borne pathogens that cause gastrointestinal tract infections. For example, the lysogenic phages, which integrate their DNA into the host genome, can play positive roles by providing virulence factors such as toxins that enhance the virulence of their host bacterium. Other phages known as lytic or virulent phages can play negative roles by infecting and killing their host bacterium, thus reducing the number of the pathogen below the threshold needed to cause disease. Vibrio cholerae is a water-borne pathogen that infects the small intestine to cause the severe diarrheal disease cholera. Although it is well known that a lysogenic phage called the CTX phage enhances virulence by providing the genes encoding cholera toxin, our recently published and preliminary data indicate a pervasive negative role for several virulent phages that are commonly found in cholera endemic areas around the Bay of Bengal. These virulent phages appear to reduce the virulence, transmission, and potentially dissemination of V. cholerae. However, there is much we still do not know about these phages in terms of their ability to kill V. cholerae in the environment, to inhibit fecal-oral transmission of cholera such as occurs frequently within households, and their impact on the emergence of new V. cholerae strains. In this project, we will investigate each of these areas. In addition, we will study the importance of another lysogenic phage called Kappa in the virulence of V. cholerae.

项目摘要 噬菌体（Bacteriophage，缩写为BPHs）是一种专门感染细菌的病毒。噬菌体已经被证明 在许多细菌病原体的生命周期中起着重要作用，特别是引起 胃肠道感染。例如，溶原性的噬菌体，它们将它们的DNA整合到宿主中， 基因组，可以发挥积极的作用，提供毒力因子，如毒素，提高毒力的 宿主细菌。其他被称为裂解性或毒性大肠杆菌的病原体可以通过感染和 杀死它们的宿主细菌，从而将病原体的数量减少到引起 疾病霍乱弧菌是一种通过水传播的病原体，感染小肠引起严重的 霍乱尽管众所周知，称为CTX噬菌体的溶源性噬菌体增强了 我们最近发表的初步数据表明， 在霍乱流行地区常见的几种有毒物质的普遍负面作用 在孟加拉湾附近这些有毒的病毒似乎降低了毒力，传播，并可能 传播霍乱弧菌。然而，我们仍然对这些问题知之甚少， 它们能够杀死环境中的霍乱弧菌，抑制霍乱的粪-口传播， 通常在家庭中，以及它们对新的霍乱弧菌菌株出现的影响。在这个项目中， 我们会逐一调查。此外，我们将研究另一种溶原性噬菌体的重要性 在霍乱弧菌的毒力中被称为Kappa。