Cortical circuits for spectro-temporal integration of multi-frequency sounds

用于多频率声音的频谱时间整合的皮层电路

• 批准号: 10552385
• 负责人: Hiroyuki Kato
• 金额: $ 1.42万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10552385
• 关键词: Academia; Acoustics; Address; Affect; Anatomy; Animals; Area; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory area; Auditory system; Behavior; Behavioral; Binding; Biological Models; Brain; Brain Diseases; Bypass; Calcium; Chiroptera; Chronic; Communication; Complex; Crude Extracts; Data; Dependence; Dissection; Doctor of Philosophy; Electrophysiology (science); Foundations; Frequencies; Geniculate body structure; Goals; Grouping; Hearing problem; Human; Image; Individual; Inferior Colliculus; Injections; Knowledge; Lateral; Life; Medial; Mediating; Mentors; Methods; Modality; Mus; Neurons; Neurosciences; Neurosciences Research; Optics; Paper; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Physiological; Play; Primates; Procedures; Process; Psychophysics; Reporting; Role; Scientist; Sensory; Shapes; Somatostatin; Source; Synapses; System; Techniques; Time; Tracer; Training; Whole-Cell Recordings; Work; Writing; auditory processing; auditory thalamus; awake; calcium indicator; career; career development; genetic manipulation; graduate student; in vivo; inhibitory neuron; insight; language perception; neuronal circuitry; novel strategies; optogenetics; parent grant; preference; programs; response; sensory cortex; sensory input; skills; sound; sound frequency; tool; vocalization

PROJECT SUMMARY In our daily life, even in the face of multiple sound sources, our brain binds together frequency components that belong to the same source and recognizes individual sound objects. In humans, the integration of spectral components into single sound perception relies on the precise synchrony of their onset timings, and this grouping plays a critical role in our perception of language. In our ongoing parent grant (R01 DC017516), we have identified the mouse secondary auditory cortex, A2, as a locus of multi-frequency integration, whose synchrony-dependent sound responses mirror perceptual binding in humans. However, the circuit mechanisms underlying how A2 neurons integrate information across parallel auditory channels to achieve coherent perception remain unknown. Secondary sensory cortices are generally considered to receive pre-processed inputs from the primary cortices. Interestingly, recent studies across sensory modalities suggest that secondary cortices may also receive sensory inputs directly from the periphery, bypassing primary cortical areas. In the auditory system, both a recent paper and our preliminary data showed that A2 receives direct inputs from the primary auditory thalamus (ventral division of the medial geniculate nucleus: MGv). These results require reconsideration of the sensory pathways that underlie the specialized functions of higher-order cortical areas. In this proposed project, we will delineate the MGv-A2 ascending pathway using anatomical and electrophysiological techniques to understand its contribution to the integrative function of A2 circuits. Our specific goals aim to 1) identify the inferior colliculus subdivision upstream to the MGv-A2 pathway using tracer injections and 2) determine the contribution of MGv inputs to A2 sound representations using optogenetics during in vivo electrophysiological recordings. These aims will expand the scope of the parent study, which focuses on the cortical circuits within A2 that integrate multi-frequency sounds. Dissection of the ascending pathways that reach A2 will provide insights into the mechanisms that shape A2 sound representations and provide a step towards understanding the “feature binding” circuits that enable verbal communication. Through the proposed Post-baccalaureate Supplement, Ms. Michellee Garcia will work closely with her mentor, Dr. Kato, to receive training in cutting-edge neuroscience techniques, auditory systems neuroscience, and writing/communication skills. Ms. Garcia’s long-term goal is to join a neuroscience Ph.D. program and continue her career in academia as an independent scientist. This supplement project will help her career development by preparing her to pursue neuroscience research as a graduate student and beyond.

项目摘要 在我们的日常生活中，即使面对多个声源，我们的大脑也会将频率成分捆绑在一起 它们属于同一个声源，可以识别单个声音对象。在人类中， 将声音成分转化为单一声音感知依赖于它们开始时间的精确同步， 分组在我们对语言的感知中起着关键作用。在我们正在进行的父母补助金（R 01 DC 017516）中，我们 已经确定小鼠次级听觉皮层A2是多频率整合的位点，其 同步依赖的声音反应反映了人类的感知绑定。然而，电路机制 A2神经元如何通过平行听觉通道整合信息， 感知仍然未知。次级感觉皮层通常被认为是接受预处理的 来自初级皮质的信息有趣的是，最近的研究跨感官形式表明，中学 皮层也可以绕过初级皮层区直接从外围接收感觉输入。在 听觉系统，最近的一篇论文和我们的初步数据都表明，A2接收来自听觉系统的直接输入。 初级听觉丘脑（内侧膝状体核腹侧部：MGv）。这些结果需要 重新思考高级皮质区的特殊功能背后的感觉通路。 在这个拟议的项目中，我们将描绘MGv-A2上行通路使用解剖和 电生理技术，以了解其对A2回路的整合功能的贡献。我们 具体目标是1）使用示踪剂鉴定MGv-A2通路上游的下丘亚部 注射和2）使用光遗传学确定MGv输入对A2声音表征的贡献 在体内电生理记录期间。这些目标将扩大母公司研究的范围， 重点是A2内整合多频声音的皮层回路。上行动脉夹层 到达A2的路径将提供对塑造A2声音表征的机制的见解， 提供了一个理解“特征绑定”电路，使语言交流的一步。通过 建议后学士学位补充，米歇尔加西亚女士将密切合作，她的导师，博士。 加藤，接受尖端神经科学技术，听觉系统神经科学， 写作/沟通技巧。加西亚女士的长期目标是攻读神经科学博士学位。编程并继续 她在学术界作为独立科学家的职业生涯。这个补充项目将有助于她的职业发展 让她做好准备，以研究生的身份从事神经科学研究。