Smart railway/metro transportation using optical fibre sensing and Internet of Things (IoTs)

全球铁路行业对提高效率和可靠性的需求不断增长，推动了先进资产和车队管理工具的市场，包括远程诊断（或故障诊断）和更好的资产规划，为运营商提供真实的物有所值。铁路电气化的远程监控已被证明是一项重大的技术挑战，因为交流电动机的供电电压为25 kV，在所有天气条件下的行驶速度高达350 km/h。现有的测量系统由于其功率输送和数据传输的绝缘要求而显示出局限性。他们的失败造成了严重的后果，并造成了广泛的交通中断。该项目通过将光纤传感器集成到集电弓中以实现更好的监测和控制，利用光纤本身的理想绝缘体性质来解决上述挑战。这进一步得到了“物联网”的支持，“物联网”使“物”（传感器）能够交换通过互联网收集的数据，并通过有效的数据处理和实施智能算法来支持，从而允许创建智能运输网络，用于预测故障，进行诊断和触发维护。

The increasing demand for improved efficiency and reliability in the rail industry worldwide drives the market for advanced asset and fleet management tools, including remote diagnostics (or prognostics) and better asset planning, offering real value-for-money to operators. Remote monitoring of railway electrification has proved to be a major technical challenge as the AC lomotives are powered at 25kV and travel at speeds up to 350 km/h under all weather conditions. The current measurement systems available have shown limitations due to the requirements of insulation of both their power delivery and data transmission. Their failure has severe consequences and causes a widespread traffic disruption. This project addresses the above challenges by exploiting the ideal insulator nature of the optical fibre itself through integration of optical fibre sensors into the current-collecting pantographs for better monitoring and control. This is further underpinned by the 'Internet of Things' which enables the 'things' (sensors) to exchange data collected via the Internet and supported by effective data processing and implementing intelligent algorithms, allowing a smart transporation network thus to be created for predicting failures, making diagnoses and triggering maintenance.