CANCER CONTROL IN PUBLIC HEALTH DEPARTMENTS

拟议项目的总体目标是开发、实施、 并评估增加教育和支持服务的干预措施 预防和早期发现乳腺癌和宫颈癌 在农村公共卫生部门接受护理的妇女。 该研究将 测试在公众中建立预防保健计划的有效性 卫生部门将其服务与现有诊所整合， 以及提高高危人群获得预防性护理服务的机会 通过外展教育，让社区中的妇女面临风险。 一、预防 基于公共卫生部门的计划将旨在增加 提高妇女对乳腺癌和宫颈癌的认识，鼓励积极的态度 提高人们对癌症预防和早期发现的态度，并提高 接受子宫颈抹片检查、临床乳房检查和 定期进行乳房X光检查。 该计划将涉及整合 将教育和支持活动纳入公共卫生结构 部门，旨在识别、提供信息和 为进入该行业的女性进行筛查或安排筛查预约 部门因其他原因。 该计划将 (a) 提供以下信息： 乳腺癌和宫颈癌的危险因素、预防方法和 早期发现和治疗方法，(b) 安排筛查 测试，以及 (c) 帮助需要随访和治疗的妇女。 设计 对于拟议的项目将是一个准实验设计，涉及六个 北卡罗来纳州西部的乡村县。 该设计将涉及两个 阶段，(a) 初始阶段，将三个县分配给 程序组和三个被指定为对照，并且（b）第二阶段 所有县都将接受干预。 基线数据将 在项目开始时收集所有成果衡量标准，以及 将进行两次后测数据收集以评估 两组县的成果衡量标准。 结果衡量处理 有关乳房和宫颈的知识、态度和行为 癌症将通过与公众客户的访谈获得 卫生部门和公共卫生领域进行的图表审查 部门。 拟议的项目解决了提供 为人口提供癌症预防和早期检测服务 特别高风险、公共卫生部门的客户和重点 关于女性癌症死亡的两个最可预防的原因。 的 结果有望开发出可以达到 美国高危女性比例很大。

The general objective of the proposed project is to develop, implement, and evaluate an intervention to increase education and support services for the prevention and early detection of breast and cervical cancer among women receiving care in rural public health departments. The study will test the efficacy of establishing a preventive care program in the public health departments that will integrate its services with existing clinics, as well as increasing accessibility of preventive care services to high- risk women in the community through outreach education. A prevention program based in public health departments will be designed to increase womens knowledge of breast and cervical cancer, encourage positive attitudes toward cancer prevention and early detection, and increase the percentage of women who obtain Pap smears, clinical breast exams, and mammograms on a regular basis. The program will involve integration of educational and support activities into the structure of the public health department, and will be designed to identify, provide information, and screen or arrange screening appointments for women who come into the department for other reasons. The program will (a) provide information on risk factors for breast and cervical cancer, methods of prevention and early detection, and methods of treatment, (b) arrange for screening tests, and (c) assist women who need follow-up and treatment. The design for the proposed project will be a quasi-experimental design involving six rural counties in western North Carolina. The design will involve two stages, (a) an initial stage in which three counties are assigned to the program group and three are assigned as controls, and (b) a second stage in which all counties will receive the intervention. Baseline data will be collected for all outcome measures at the beginning of the project, and two posttest data collections will be conducted to evaluate changes in the outcome measures for the two groups of counties. Outcome measures dealing with knowledge, attitudes, and behavior regarding breast and cervical cancer will be obtained through interviews with clients of the public health departments and chart reviews conducted in the public health departments. The proposed project addresses the problem of providing cancer prevention and early detection services to a population at especially high risk, clientele of public health departments, and focuses on two of the most preventable causes of cancer deaths among women. The results hold promise of developing specific approaches that could reach a large proportion of high-risk women in the United States.