DIETARY PATTERNS AND BLOOD PRESSURE

饮食模式和血压

• 批准号: 2227315
• 负责人: Thomas J Moore
• 金额: $ 7.2万
• 依托单位: BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-08-01 至 1998-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2227315
• 关键词: African American; calcium; caucasian American; clinical trials; diet therapy; dietary control; dietary lipid; dietary mineral; dietary proteins; disease /disorder prevention /control; essential hypertension; gender difference; human subject; human therapy evaluation; insulin sensitivity /resistance; magnesium; nutrition related tag; potassium; racial /ethnic difference; vegetarian diet

The aim of this study is to identify a diet pattern that will lower blood pressure. Past studies which have examined the blood pressure effect of the amount and type of dietary fat and protein have demonstrated no convincing effect. The diet pattern which has been most consistently associated with lower blood pressure is vegetarianism. We believe that the micronutrient combination of the vegetarian diet is the most likely mediator of its hypotensive effect. Although a vegetarian pattern is too extreme to recommend to our general population, the same micronutrient intake can be achieved along with sufficient meat, fish, and dairy products to make the overall pattern palatable. Therefore, our proposed multi-center trial would test the blood pressure effect of two diets high in micronutrients (potassium, calcium, and magnesium) vs a "typical" American control diet in 480 subjects (50:50 male:female and black:caucasian) with baseline diastolic blood pressure 80-99 mmHg. The treatment diets will differ in macronutrients: one with the "adverse" macronutrients of the control diet and the other with lower animal fat and a better polyunsaturated:saturated fat ratio. We hypothesize that both treatment diets will lower blood pressure (demonstrating that the hypotensive effect is related to micro- not macro-nutrient content), but only the low animal fat diet will also lower cholesterol levels. Thus, the high micronutrient, low fat diet would be optimal for overall cardiac risk reduction. Undoubtedly, some subjects will lower blood pressure substantially with this diet and some will not. To help identify the determinants of these "responders", we propose to characterize subjects at the trial's out set according to demographics, usual diet intake, and several "hypertensive" paradigms (renin status, salt-sensitivity, insulin resistance, and modulator/nonmodulators). Considering the sizable number of subjects which will be studied in this multi-center trial, and the even distribution of ethnicity and gender, this trial should definitively establish the importance of dietary pattern high in micronutrients as a means of lowering blood pressure. With appropriate pre-trial classification of subjects, it will also definitively demonstrate in which groups of subjects these diets might be most beneficial.

这项研究的目的是确定一种饮食模式，以降低血液 压力。 过去研究的研究已经检查了血压的效应 饮食脂肪和蛋白质的数量和类型已显示不 令人信服的效果。 饮食模式最始终如一 与较低的血压相关的是素食主义。 我们相信 素食的微量营养素组合是最可能的 其降压作用的调解人。 虽然素食也是 极端向我们的普通人群推荐相同的微量营养素 摄入量可以与足够的肉，鱼和乳制品一起实现 使整体模式可口的产品。 因此，我们提出了 多中心试验将测试两种饮食的血压效应 在微量营养素（钾，钙和镁）中与“典型” 480名受试者的美国控制饮食（50:50男性：女性和 黑色：高加索人），基线舒张压80-99 mmHg。 这 治疗饮食的大量营养素会有所不同：一种具有“不良”的 对照饮食的大量营养素，另一种是较低的动物脂肪 以及更好的多不饱和：饱和脂肪比。 我们假设这一点 两种治疗饮食都将降低血压（证明 降压作用与微营养素含量有关），但 只有低动物脂肪饮食也会降低胆固醇水平。 因此， 高脂肪饮食高的微量营养素将最适合整体心脏 降低风险。 毫无疑问，某些受试者将大大降低血压 这种饮食和有些饮食不会。 帮助确定这些决定因素 “响应者”，我们建议在审判的外部表征主题 根据人口统计学，通常的饮食摄入量和几种“高血压” 范例（肾素状态，盐敏感性，胰岛素抵抗和 调制器/非调制器）。 考虑到将在此研究的大量主题 多中心试验以及种族和性别的均匀分布， 该试验应确定确定饮食的重要性 微量营养素的模式较高，作为降低血压的一种手段。 通过对受试者进行适当的审前分类，它也将 明确证明这些饮食的受试者群体可能 是最有益的。

项目成果

Altered sodium perception in essential hypertensive patients following rapid volume expansion.

快速容量扩张后原发性高血压患者的钠感知发生改变。

• DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1000852
• 发表时间: 1999
• 期刊: Journal of human hypertension
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Conlin,P;Moore,T;Williams,G;Hollenberg,N
• 通讯作者: Hollenberg,N