COCHLEAR HAIR-CELL TRANSDUCTION

耳蜗毛细胞传导

• 批准号: 2124508
• 负责人: PETER J DALLOS
• 金额: $ 23.84万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-01-01 至 1996-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2124508
• 关键词: acoustic nerve; auditory stimulus; basolateral membrane; biological signal transduction; cochlear microphonic potentials; ear hair cell; electron microscopy; electronic recording system; electrophysiology; guinea pigs; histology; membrane potentials; microelectrodes; neural information processing; neural transmission; scanning electron microscopy; single cell analysis; sound frequency; stimulus /response; video recording system

There are two types of sensory receptor cell in the mammalian hearing organ (the cochlea), the so-called inner and outer hair cells. Inner hair cells convey most auditory information to the brain, whereas the role of the outer hair cells may be to amplify the input to the inner hair cells. Our work is designed to describe the operation and the role in hearing of these two cell types. Intracellular recordings are made from these cells in anesthetised guinea pigs. Our techniques allow recordings from both cell types and from different locations along the cochlea. This is important because different sound frequencies are processed at different cochlear locations. There is some evidence that the mode of operation of outer hair observations, however, are based on different techniques and, consequently, are not incontrovertible. We intend to use identical techniques in recording from all cochlear locations and thus to ascertain whether or not there are longitudinal differences in outer hair cell function. Without inner hair cells there is no hearing. Without hearing hair cells, hearing is severely deteriorated. There are over 20 million hearing impaired individuals in the U.S. The majority of them suffer their handicap due to hair cell, particularly outer hair cell, damage. An understanding of the neurobiology of hair cells is a key to prevention and eventual remediation of hearing loss. Our work has been and is designed to provide such fundamental understanding.

哺乳动物听觉器官中有两种类型的感觉感受器细胞 （耳蜗），即所谓的内毛细胞和外毛细胞。 内毛细胞 将大部分听觉信息传递给大脑，而听觉的作用 外毛细胞可能会放大内毛细胞的输入。 我们的 作品旨在描述这些功能的操作和在听力中的作用 两种细胞类型。 细胞内记录是由这些细胞进行的 麻醉的豚鼠。 我们的技术允许从两个细胞进行录音 类型和来自耳蜗的不同位置。 这很重要 因为不同的声音频率在不同的耳蜗中被处理 地点。 有一些证据表明外毛的运作方式 然而，观察是基于不同的技术，因此， 并非无可争议。 我们打算使用相同的技术 从所有耳蜗位置进行记录，从而确定是否 外毛细胞功能存在纵向差异。 没有内毛细胞就没有听力。 没有听觉毛细胞， 听力严重恶化。 听力人数超过2000万 在美国，有缺陷的人中的大多数人都遭受着 由于毛细胞，特别是外毛细胞受损而造成的障碍。 一个 了解毛细胞的神经生物学是预防和治疗的关键 最终治愈听力损失。 我们的工作一直是并且旨在 提供这样的基本理解。