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NEUROANATOMY OF THE ASCIDIAN LARVA--A CHORDATE MODEL

海鞘幼虫的神经解剖学——脊索动物模型

基本信息

批准号：
3432354
负责人：
J RICHARD WHITTAKER
金额：
$ 3.5万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF NEW BRUNSWICK
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1993-02-04 至 1994-02-03
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3432354
关键词：
Tunicata acetylcholine alternatives to animals in research axon cell differentiation cell type choline acetyltransferase developmental neurobiology disease /disorder model electron microscopy glia histogenesis immunocytochemistry larva metamorphosis neuroanatomy neurons peripheral nervous system

项目摘要

Ascidian larvae (phylum Chordata, subphylum Urochordata) have a primitive chordate-like central nervous system (CNS) which is thought to be composed of a small number of identifiable and addressable neurons. Furthermore, the nervous system of these marine organisms appears to be predetermined in its cell number, cell position and cell function by strict lineages in the embryo. A detailed investigation of their neuroanatomy seems likely to establish these facts rigorously and to make ascidian larvae useful as a "chordate" model for functional and developmental studies. The project will begin to investigate the neuroanatomy of the Ciona intestinalis larva, structural similarities in the CNS between individuals, and possible premetamorphic changes in the CNS during the swimming larval period. In particular, it will describe the precise origins, pathways, and probable function of those neurons in the visceral ganglion which send axons into the caudal neural tube. These axons, cell bodies, and their connections will be described by serial reconstructions from electron microscopy. Antibodies to tubulins, other neural proteins, and some neurotransmitters will also be used immunocytochemically in wholemount and sections to trace these neurons and their axons and to distinguish between neuronal types and ependymal-glial cells. The caudal neurons are believed to be cholinergic, and this will be further investigated immunocytochemically with antibodies to choline acetyltransferase, and by enhanced histochemical staining for acetylcholinesterase. The main general purpose of this small grant project is to develop and refine techniques which can in turn be used to describe the complete structure of the central and peripheral nervous systems of the Ciona larva.

海鞘幼虫（脊索动物门，尾索动物亚门）具有原始的脊索样中枢神经系统（CNS），被认为是由少量可识别和可寻址的神经元组成。此外，这些海洋生物的神经系统似乎在其细胞数量、细胞位置和细胞功能中预先确定，胚胎中严格的血统。对他们的详细调查神经解剖学似乎有可能严格地确立这些事实，海鞘幼虫可用作“脊索动物”模型，发展研究该项目将开始调查玻璃海鞘幼虫的神经解剖学，中枢神经系统之间的个体，和可能的变形前的变化，游泳幼虫期中枢神经系统。特别是，它将描述这些神经元的确切起源、通路和可能的功能，内脏神经节将轴突送入尾神经管。这些轴突、细胞体和它们的连接将由电子显微镜下的系列重建。微管蛋白抗体，其他神经蛋白和一些神经递质也将被使用用免疫细胞化学方法在整体和切片中追踪这些神经元和它们的轴突，并区分神经元类型，室管膜神经胶质细胞尾部神经元被认为是胆碱能，这将进一步研究免疫细胞化学与胆碱乙酰转移酶的抗体，并通过增强乙酰胆碱酯酶组织化学染色。主将这个小额赠款项目的目的是发展和完善技术它可以反过来用来描述完整的结构，玻璃海鞘幼虫的中枢和周围神经系统。