MOOD RECALL AND CHANGES IN ATTRIBUTIONAL STYLE

情绪回忆和归因风格的变化

• 批准号: 2247367
• 负责人: ANTHONY H AHRENS
• 金额: $ 6.65万
• 依托单位: AMERICAN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-07-01 至 1995-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2247367
• 关键词: clinical depression; cognition; human subject; judgment; memory; mood disorders; personality; psychological stressor; psychological tests; psychometrics; self concept; success

The proposed studies will examine the relationship of mood and recall to attributional style. A variety of theories in personality, social and clinical psychology have suggested that cognitions play a role in determining mood. One set of cognitions that has received particular attention is that of causal attributions. For instance, attributional styl has been shown to interact with stress to predict subsequent depressive affect. However, little is know about the sources of attributional style. Pilot work has suggested that attributional style can be modified by having subjects recall different memories, though the effect of memories differs for relatively nondysphoric versus relatively dysphoric subjects. For nondysphoric subjects, recalling past failures led to even less depressogenic attributions that recalling past successes. For dysphoric subjects, on the other hand, recalling past failures led to even more depressogenic attributions, though this latter effect was nonsignificant with a relatively small sample. The four proposed studies will examine the boundary conditions for this interaction. The first will examine whether differences in the events recalled by dysphoric and nondysphoric subjects produced the differences in attributional style. In this study, the causes of the events that subjects process prior to making attributional judgement will be varied systematically. The second study will examine the implications of changes in attributional style for social comparison. This will be done by having subjects make attributional judgments both for self and other under different recall conditions. In the third study, subjects will recall events from either the interpersonal or academic arenas, but will make attributional judgments in both. This will permit examination of the generality of changes in attributional style. Finally, in the fourth study, the possibility that some people will display more general and other more specific changes in attributional style will be examined. This will b done by examining the differential effects of recall on the attributional style of subjects with more or less self-complexity.

这项研究将探讨情绪和回忆的关系， 归因风格 人格、社会和心理方面的各种理论 临床心理学认为，认知在 决定情绪。 一套认知， 注意力是因果归因。 例如，归因样式 已经被证明与压力相互作用，以预测随后的抑郁症 影响。 然而，人们对归因风格的来源却知之甚少。 试点工作表明，归因风格可以通过以下方式进行修改： 受试者回忆起不同的记忆，尽管记忆的效果不同 相对不烦躁和相对烦躁的受试者。 为 非焦虑受试者，回忆过去的失败导致更少 回忆过去成功的抑郁归因。 对于烦躁不安 另一方面，受试者回忆过去的失败会导致更多 抑郁归因，虽然后者的影响是不显着的 样本相对较小。 四项拟议研究将探讨 这种相互作用的边界条件。 第一个问题是， 焦虑和非焦虑受试者回忆事件的差异 归因风格的差异。 在这项研究中， 被试在做出归因判断之前所处理的事件的数量 将有系统地改变。 第二项研究将审查 归因风格变化对社会比较的影响。 这 将通过让受试者对自我和自我进行归因判断来完成 以及在不同的召回条件下的其他情况。 在第三项研究中， 会回忆起人际关系或学术领域的事件，但 会对两者做出归因判断。 这将允许检查 归因风格变化的普遍性。 最后，在第四 研究，可能性，有些人会显示更多的一般和其他 更具体的归因风格的变化将被审查。 这将B 通过研究回忆对归因的不同影响， 或多或少具有自我复杂性的主题风格。