DEVELOPMENT OF PHONOLOGICAL CATEGORIES

语音范畴的发展

• 批准号: 2126723
• 负责人: Judith A Gierut
• 金额: $ 6.08万
• 依托单位: TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-08-01 至 1997-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2126723
• 关键词: audiotape; child (0-11); child psychology; cognition; human subject; language development; learning; neural information processing; psychoacoustics; semantics; speech disorders; speech therapy; videotape /videodisc; vocalization

The long-term objective of this research program is to examine the development of phonological categories by children with phonological disorders. The specific aims are to characterize the mental representation of phonological categories and to evaluate processing strategies used in categorization by this population. These goals will be accomplished by experimentally testing the course, types, principles, and limits of restructuring in phonological categories by these children. An interdisciplinary research approach is adopted, integrating theories and methodologies of cognitive psychology, linguistics, and speech-language pathology in the study of 72 children' Four main projects are planned, each involving phonological and acoustic descriptions of children's sound systems, assessments of children's judgments of phonological categories, and experimental clinical treatment. Project I examines the course of change in categories by evaluating the hypothesis that certain phonological categories are prerequisite for others in development. Project II differentiates types of change in categories by testing the hypothesis that some phonological changes are easier to induce clinically than others. Project HI takes up the issue of principles governing categories by examining the hypothesis that the degree and extent of clinically-induced change is influenced by a child's predetermined assumptions about the phonological system. Project IV tests the limits of category change by identifying children at risk for no phonological change. The outcome of this research program will contribute to an understanding of phonological categories, development, and change. There is strong applied significance in that the goal of clinical treatment is to induce such change. The findings to emerge will lead to treatment advances for facilitating the greatest change in sound systems. Theoretically, an integrated model of the development of categories as instantiated in the domain of phonology will result. Domain-specific properties of categorization, particular to phonology, will be distinguished from those that are attributable more generally to the cognitive capabilities of learners.

这项研究计划的长期目标是检查 语音儿童对语音范畴的发展 精神错乱。具体的目的是刻画心理的特征 语音范畴表征与加工评价 这一人群在分类时使用的策略。这些目标将 通过实验测试课程、类型、原则、 以及在音系类别中重组的局限性 孩子们。采用跨学科的研究方法， 整合认知心理学的理论和方法论， 72名儿童的语言学、言语-语言病理学研究 计划了四个主要项目，每个项目都涉及音响和声学 儿童音响系统的描述，儿童音响系统的评估 音系范畴的判断和实验临床 治疗。项目I通过以下方式检查类别的变化过程 评估某些音系学类别是 是他人发展的先决条件。项目II区分类型 通过检验某些音素的假说来判断类别的变化 在临床上，这些变化比其他的更容易诱发。项目HI采取 通过研究管理类别的原则问题 假设临床引起的变化的程度和程度是 受儿童关于音位的预设假设的影响 系统。项目IV通过确定以下内容来测试类别更改的限制 儿童处于没有音素变化的风险中。这样做的结果是 研究计划将有助于理解音系学 类别、发展和变化。有很强的应用性 重要的是，临床治疗的目标是诱导 变化。即将出现的发现将导致治疗方面的进展 促进音响系统的最大变化。从理论上讲，一个 类别开发的集成模型，如 这将导致音系学领域的出现。的域特定属性 分类，特别是音系学，将区别于 更普遍地归因于认知能力的那些 学习的人。