TRENDS IN DENTAL FLUOROSIS AND DENTAL CARIES

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)：几项研究 表明氟斑牙患病率在过去的40年里有所上升 他说，这些年来，这种增长在非氟地区更为明显。 氟斑牙明显与过量摄入 氟化物。来自多个来源的氟的贡献，以及 与这些暴露相关的风险已经吸引了相当大的关注 请注意。 这项研究的总体目标是确定儿童是否在 含氟和不含氟的城市都暴露在过量的空气中 氟化物的数量，从以下几个方面得到证明 氟斑牙的严重程度。这项横断面研究将是 在一系列调查中的第四项，旨在得出关于 我国氟斑牙和龋病随时间的变化规律 历史名城纽堡和金斯敦。临床检查 对3000名7至14岁的儿童进行了抽样调查 含氟的纽堡和1600名不含氟的金斯敦的儿童将 被引导了。有关氟斑牙的频率和严重程度的数据将 使用Dean‘s Index收集。我们将进行适当的比较 评估氟中毒的发生是增加还是减少 与1986年获得的数据相比。龋齿的发展趋势 纽堡和金斯敦的流行率也将得到评估。这个 氟化片/滴剂病史与氟斑牙的关系 被探索。这项研究将提供有关 近几年实施的建议对降低 从补充剂和婴儿配方奶粉中摄取氟化物。 长期目标是在36岁后进行后续检查 用于比较龋齿发病率以及检测变化的月份 受试者体内氟中毒的严重程度。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from the applicant's abstract): Several studies indicate that dental fluorosis prevalence has increased over the last 40 years and that the increase is more pronounced in non-fluoridated areas. Dental fluorosis is clearly associated with an excessive intake of fluoride. The contribution of fluoride from multiple sources, and the risks associated with these exposures, have attracted considerable attention. The overall objective of this study is to determine if children in fluoridated and non-fluoridated cities are being exposed to excessive amounts of fluoride as evidenced by an increase in the extent of severity of dental fluorosis. This cross-sectional study will be the fourth in a series of surveys intended to draw inferences about changing patterns of dental fluorosis and dental caries over time in the historical cities of Newburgh and Kingston. Clinical examinations on a sample of 3,000 seven to fourteen year old children in fluoridated Newburgh and 1600 children in non-fluoridated Kingston will be conducted. Data on frequency and severity of dental fluorosis will be collected using Dean's Index. Appropriate comparisons will be made to assess whether the occurrence of fluorosis has increased or decreased when compared to the data obtained in 1986. Trends in dental caries prevalence in Newburgh and Kingston will also be assessed. The association of fluoride tablet/drops history and dental fluorosis will be explored. This study will provide new information regarding the impact of recommendations implemented in recent years to lower fluoride intake from supplements and infant formula. The long-term objective is to conduct follow-up examinations after 36 months for comparing caries incidence rates as well as to detect changes in fluorosis severity within subjects.