KINETICS AND REGULATION OF ERYTHROCYTE K-CL COTRANSPORT

该项目提出了动力学，热力学和 绵羊红细胞钾-氯共转运的调节特性 在网织红细胞/成熟红细胞转变期间，以及在血影中， K型 Cl共转运，一种哇巴因抗性（OR）和严格Cl依赖性 钾（k）转运蛋白，当被细胞肿胀或巯基激活时 修饰，可能构成膜的被动钾的主要部分 磁导率 显然，K-Cl共转运与 绵羊和其他RBC的成熟RBC体积减少，以及 在某些患者的红细胞脱水中， 血红蛋白病 在绵羊中，K-Cl共转运发生在所有 网织红细胞和成熟红细胞的低K（LK）型，但消失， 高钾（HK）细胞，维持K-Cl共转运的机制 然而，在LK中具有中等活性，在HK细胞中失活，尚不清楚。 为了理解该模型中K-Cl共输对合的过程 将检验以下假设：1.动力学和 K-Cl共运输的热力学特征，最近由 我们为肿胀激活系统，也常见于无血红蛋白 血影，以及网织红细胞前体和成熟RBC。 2. 调节涉及转运蛋白的膜组分，以及 细胞质因子 这些一般假设将按如下方式检验。 K-Cl共输运的动力学和热力学性质将是 通过网织红细胞中的OR零反式K流入和流出进行比较， LK和HK基因型的成熟红细胞，以及 肿胀诱导的K-Cl途径。 K-Cl的调节 将在具有不同细胞内Mg的LK细胞中研究共转运， 阴离子和Ph，已知会导致激活或失活的干预 传送器的。 膜结合巯基的存在对K- Cl共转运功能将通过选择性放射性标记 保护的硫醇和其他基团，以及电泳验证 标记的膜组分，以及通过定量相关性， 示踪剂掺入与同时测量的K-Cl共转运蛋白 活动 了解该模型中交通变化的过程 将阐明为什么例如在血红蛋白S纯合的人RBC中， K-Cl共转运仍然活跃，因此有助于不可逆的 镰刀形。

This project proposes a study of the kinetic, thermodynamic and regulatory properties of K-Cl cotransport of sheep red blood cells (RBCs), during the reticulocyte/mature RBC transition, and in ghosts. K- Cl cotransport, a ouabain-resistant (OR) and strictly Cl-dependent potassium (k) transporter, when activated by cell swelling or thiol group modification, may constitute a major fraction of the membrane's passive K permeability. Outwardly poised, K-Cl cotransport has been implicated in maturational RBC volume reduction of sheep and other RBCs, and pathologically in RBC dehydration of patients with certain hemoglobinopathies. In sheep, K-Cl cotransport occurs in all reticulocytes and in mature RBCs of the low K (LK) type but disappears in high K (HK) cells, The mechanism by which K-Cl cotransport is maintained moderately active in LK, however, inactivated in HK cells, is unknown. To understand the process of K-Cl cotransport involution in this model the following hypothesis will be tested: 1. The kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics of K-Cl cotransport, recently elucidated by us for the swelling activated system, are also common to hemoglobin-free ghosts, and to both reticulocyte precursor and mature RBCs. 2. Regulation involves membrane components of the transporter, as well as cytoplasmic factors. These general hypotheses will be tested as follows. The kinetic and thermodynamic properties of K-Cl cotransport will be compared by OR zero-trans K influxes and effluxes in reticulocytes and mature red cells of both LK and HK genotypes, and in resealed ghosts with those of the swelling induced K-Cl pathway. The regulation of K-Cl cotransport will be studied in LK cells with varied intracellular Mg, anions, and Ph, interventions known to cause activation or inactivation of the transporter. The presence of membrane-bound thiols crucial for K- Cl cotransport function will be tested by radio-labelling of selectively protected thiols and other groups, and electrophoretic verification of labelled membrane components, as well as by quantitative correlation of tracer incorporation with simultaneously measured K-Cl cotransprot activity. Understanding the process of transport changes in this model will elucidate why for example in human RBCs homozygous for hemoglobin S, K-Cl cotransport remains active and thus contributes to irreversible sickling.