MICROENVIRONMENT OF THE RETINA

视网膜微环境

• 批准号: 2159232
• 负责人: ROBERT A. LINSENMEIER
• 金额: $ 17.58万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-07-01 至 1996-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2159232
• 关键词: blood /plasma substitute; blood vessel occlusion; cats; choroid uvea; dark adaptation; electroretinography; eye circulation; eye surgery; fluosol; glucose metabolism; glycolysis; hypoxia; intraocular pressure; light adaptations; microelectrodes; oxygen consumption; oxygen tension; oxygen transport; retina; retina circulation; retina disorder; vitreous body

The experiments proposed in this application are designed to investigate the micro-environment of the intact retina anesthetized cats with regard to the normal delivery and utilization of oxygen, and the consequences and possible treatment of imppaired oxygen delivery. Local measurements of oxygen, glucose and blood flow will be made with microelectrodes in the retina or in the vitreous near the retina. The electroretinogram will be recorded as an index of the functional state of the retina. In other experiments choroidal blood flow will be recorded. The advantage of this preparation is that normal circulation and physiological relationships can be preserved. The project has several portions: 1) The influence of neural (sympathetic and parasympathetic) regulation of the choroidal circulation on oxygenation of the distal retina will be determined. 2) A glucose-sensitive microelectrode capable of measuring glucose concentration in the distal retina will be developed in order to evaluate the contribution of glycolysis to energy metabolism in the intact retina, and to study changes in glycolysis during light and dark adaptation and during hypoxemia. 3) A technique for measuring local retinal blood flow, using hydrogen as a tracer, will be developed and used to study the mechanisms responsible for the normal regulation of blood flow in the microvasculature of the retinal circulation. 4) In vitro studies will be performed in order to understand the mechanisms by which perfluorocarbon artificial blood substitutes are capable of increasing retinal oxygen tension. 5) A new experimental method to study retinal oxygenation during reversible retinal occlusion will be developed and used. 6) The consequences of long term experimental hypoxia (moderate elevation of intraocular pressure) on retinal metabolism and electrical function will be studied, as a means of assessing the role that retinal hypoxia itself may play in disease. These studies are expected to be relevant for several diseases with circulatory components, including vascular occlusive diseases, glaucoma and others in which a metabolic component is thought to be important, such as diabetic retinopathy. The cat will be the animal of choice for these studies, because of the similarity of its retina and its retinal vasculature to those in humans. For this work, there would be no significant advantage in using primates.

本申请中提出的实验旨在研究 完整视网膜麻醉猫的微环境 对氧气的正常输送和利用，以及由此产生的后果 以及可能的氧气输送障碍的治疗。本地测量 氧气、葡萄糖和血液流动将用微电极在 视网膜或视网膜附近的玻璃体。视网膜电流图 将被记录为视网膜功能状态的指标。在……里面 其他实验将记录脉络膜血流量。优势 这种准备是正常的循环和生理的 关系是可以保留的。 该项目包括以下几个部分：1)神经网络的影响 (交感和副交感)脉络膜的调节 将测定远端视网膜氧合的循环情况。2)A 一种可测量葡萄糖的葡萄糖灵敏微电极 远端视网膜中的浓度将被开发出来，以便 评价糖酵解对糖尿病大鼠能量代谢的贡献 完整的视网膜，并研究光暗期间糖酵解的变化 适应和低氧血症期间。3)局部测量技术 视网膜血流，使用氢作为示踪剂，将被开发和 用来研究负责正常调节的机制 视网膜循环微血管内的血液流动。4)英寸 将进行体外研究，以通过以下方式了解机制 全氟化碳人工血液替代品有哪些能力 视网膜氧分压升高。5)一种新的实验研究方法 可逆性视网膜阻塞期间的视网膜氧合 开发和使用。6)长期实验的后果 视网膜低氧(中度眼压升高) 将研究新陈代谢和电功能，作为一种手段 评估视网膜缺氧本身在疾病中可能发挥的作用。 预计这些研究将与几种疾病相关， 循环成分，包括血管闭塞性疾病、青光眼 还有一些新陈代谢成分被认为很重要， 比如糖尿病视网膜病变。猫将成为人类的首选动物 这些研究，因为它的视网膜和它的视网膜相似 人类体内的血管系统。对于这项工作，不会有 在使用灵长类动物方面有显著的优势。