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ADJUSTMENT AND HEALTH: MODEL FOR MIDLIFE IMMIGRANT WOMEN

适应与健康：中年移民女性的典范

基本信息

批准号：
2207758
负责人：
Arlene Michaels Miller
金额：
$ 11.54万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1996-06-01 至 1999-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Accommodating cultural diversity due to increasing migration from politically unstable or less economically developed countries is a major challenge for health and social services in the U.S. In 1993, the leading country of origin for individuals approved for entry with refugee status was the former Soviet Union. A growing research literature regarding immigrants and refugees has not addressed the needs of the rapidly increasing number of immigrants from formerly communist countries and the challenges they experience adapting to political, economic, and cultural differences in capitalist society. Research in other ethnic groups suggests that the most significant predictors of successful adaptation are gender and age at the time of immigration. Women and middle-aged immigrants are at high risk for adjustment-related physical symptoms and depression. Recent research also suggest that stress may be a factor in lowering estrogen levels, perhaps contributing to the disproportionately high incidence of depression in women who seek treatment for bothersome menopausal symptoms. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of migration and resettlement during midlife on the health and psychological well-being of women. Specific aims include (a) to describe-cultural and developmental influences, coping strategies, health practices, and health status for women who immigrated during midlife to the United States from the former Soviet Union; (b) to identify relationships among cultural influences, developmental influences, and health status; (c) to identify mediating effects of coping strategies and health practices on these relationships; and (d) to develop a culturally and develop-mentally sensitive model for studying women's health that will guide longitudinal, cross-cultural research. Participants will be 200 women, aged 40-60, who immigrated tot he United States from the former Soviet Union after age 40. To ensure a sample of pre-, per-, and post-menopausal women, three age group quota cells will be filled:40-46 (66 women), 47-53 (67 women) and 54- 60 (66 women). Volunteers will be recruited through community programs, classes, health centers, posters, and the Russian language newspaper. A bilingual interviewer will assist participants to complete a questionnaire during a 2 hour interview in the participant's home or at designated community sites. participants will be paid a $20 incentive to participate in the study. The questionnaire, administered in Russian, includes demographic, migration, and health information. Independent variables include cultural (acculturation, socioeconomic status, menopausal attitude) and developmental (menopausal status, social roles, social support) influences; dependent variables include physical and psychological symptoms and psychological well-being (depression and anxiety); and intervening variables include coping strategies and health practices (life-long physical activity patterns). Analyses include descriptive statistics, correlations, and hierarchical multiple regressions. The study will provide a much needed description and explanatory model of adjustment and health status of immigrant women. These data can be used to identify women at risk of adjustment difficulties, to develop empirically-based nursing interventions for health promotion and psychological well-being in midlife women, and to guide future nursing research across other developmental stages and ethnic groups.

文化多样性因移民增加而加剧政治不稳定或经济欠发达的国家是主要的 1993年，美国卫生和社会服务面临的主要挑战是，获准以难民身份入境的个人的原籍国是前苏联。越来越多的研究文献移民和难民的需求没有得到迅速解决，来自前共产主义国家的移民越来越多，他们所经历的适应政治、经济和文化的挑战资本主义社会的差异。对其他族裔群体的研究表明，成功适应的最重要的预测因素是移民时的性别和年龄。妇女和中年人移民有很高的风险适应相关的身体症状，萧条最近的研究还表明，压力可能是一个因素，降低雌激素水平，可能导致不成比例的寻求治疗令人烦恼的女性抑郁症发病率高更年期症状本研究的目的是探讨中年移民和重新安置对健康和心理健康的影响妇女的福祉。具体目标包括：（a）描述文化和发展影响，应对策略，健康实践和健康在中年时期移民到美国的妇女的地位，（B）确定文化之间的关系影响、发展影响和健康状况;（c）确定应对策略和健康实践对这些问题的中介作用（d）在文化和发展方面建立一个研究妇女健康的敏感模型，跨文化研究。参加者将是200名年龄在40-60岁之间的妇女， 40岁后从前苏联移民到美国。为了确保绝经前、绝经期和绝经后妇女的样本，小组配额单元将填补：40-46（66名妇女）、47-53（67名妇女）和54- 60人（66名妇女）。志愿者将通过社区项目招募，学校、健康中心、海报和俄语报纸。一双语访问员将协助参加者填写问卷在参与者家中或指定地点进行的2小时访谈中，社区网站。参与者将获得20美元的奖励在研究中。该问卷以俄语填写，包括：人口、移民和健康信息。自变量包括文化（文化适应、社会经济地位、更年期态度）和发展（绝经状态，社会角色，社会支持）影响;因变量包括身体和心理症状和心理健康（抑郁和焦虑）;和干预变量包括应对策略和健康实践（终身身体活动模式）。分析包括描述性统计，相关性和分层多元回归。这项研究将提供急需的说明和解释性调整模式，移民妇女的健康状况。这些数据可以用来识别女性面临适应困难的风险，开展循证护理促进中年健康和心理健康的干预措施妇女，并指导未来的护理研究在其他发展阶段和民族。