PERCEPTUAL AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES IN READING

阅读中的感知和认知过程

• 批准号: 2240841
• 负责人: Keith Rayner
• 金额: $ 11.39万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-04-01 至 2000-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2240841
• 关键词: cognition; data collection; eye movements; human subject; language; perception; psychological models; reading; saccades; visual fixation; visual tracking

DESCRIPTION: This application for a Research Scientist Award has four broad objectives. The first is to continue to investigate perceptual processes in reading. This research will focus on the types of codes that are used in integrating information across eye movements and the accrual of information during an eye fixation. A second objective is to use modeling techniques to simulate eye movements and reading behavior. The goal here is to develop formal models that can predict where readers will fixate and for how long they will fixate during reading. The third objective is to extend the applicant's prior research on reading to the perception of visual scenes. Experiments are designed to examine the characteristics of the perceptual span during scene perception and the types of information integrated across fixations using photographic images rather than the line drawings used in previous research. The fourth goal is to use eye movement techniques to investigate on-line language processing. The studies in this section focus on how readers deal with ambiguity and the extent to which discourse factors influence on-line decisions about ambiguous parts of a text. The experiments will use techniques that have been developed in the applicant's laboratory over the past 20 years. In these techniques, changes in text are made contingent on the location of the reader's eye. The changes may take place during a saccade or during an eye fixation. Various characteristics of eye movements are measured using an eyetracker. The empirical data collected and the results of the modeling work should help to develop a better model of the processes involved in skilled reading. A better understanding of skilled reading, in turn, should be useful in developing instructional methods for children learning to read and better remedial methods for those who do not read well.

描述：这项研究科学家奖申请有四项 广泛的目标。 一是继续调查感性 在阅读过程中。 本研究将集中在代码的类型 用于整合眼球运动中的信息 在眼睛注视期间的信息积累。 第二个目标是 使用建模技术来模拟眼球运动和阅读 行为 这里的目标是开发正式的模型，可以预测 读者会在哪里注视，以及他们会注视多久， 阅读。 第三个目标是扩展申请人先前的研究 阅读到视觉场景的感知。 实验设计 考察情景知觉广度的特点 感知和信息类型整合在固定使用 摄影图像，而不是以前使用的线条画 research. 第四个目标是使用眼动技术， 研究在线语言处理。 本节中的研究 关注读者如何处理歧义，以及 话语因素影响在线决策的歧义部分， 短信 这些实验将使用的技术，已开发的 申请人的实验室在过去20年。 在这些技术中， 文本的变化取决于读者眼睛的位置。 这些变化可能发生在扫视期间或眼睛注视期间。 眼动的各种特征是使用 眼动仪 收集的经验数据和 建模工作应有助于开发更好的流程模型 涉及熟练的阅读。 更好地理解熟练的阅读， 反过来，应该有助于制定教学方法， 儿童学习阅读和更好的补救方法，为那些谁做 读得不好。