TEMPORAL DISCRIMINATION LEARNING

时间歧视学习

• 批准号: 2246041
• 负责人: Russell M. Church
• 金额: $ 16.9万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-08-01 至 1997-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2246041
• 关键词: atropine; behavior test; bioperiodicity; chordate locomotion; computer data analysis; discrimination learning; ethology; haloperidol; laboratory rat; mathematical model; memory; methamphetamine; neural information processing; operant conditionings; performance; physostigmine; psychological models; psychopharmacology; reinforcer; stimulus /response; stimulus interval; time perception

The long-term objective of this project is to identify the mechanism of time perception and timed behavior. The proposed studies will concern the characteristics of the internal clock and the nature of the memory representation of durations of time. (1) The first aim is to determine whether oscillatory processes are involved in timing stimuli in the second-to-minute range, and to explore the characteristics of these oscillatory processes. Rats will be tested in lever boxes and activity boxes under conditions of food being available at predictably spaced intervals (fixed intervals, or fixed intervals plus a small change) to examine systematic discrepancies from beginning to respond at a constant proportion of the interval (the oscillator signature), and to examine the effects of occasional perturbations of the intervals (the phase-response curve). Other experiments will provide food at unpredictable times (random intervals) to examine the determinants of the periodic behavior that emerge and the extent to which each of them can be entrained or selected. (2) The second aim is to determine whether memory for time is represented as a matrix of values. Rats will be tested with multiple time criteria (either simultaneously or successively) and the magnitude and direction of mutual influence will be used to determine the mutual influence of the memory of one time interval on the memory for another. (3) The third aim is to further develop a multiple-oscillator, connectionist model of timing that will fit the data quantitatively. The perception of time is a fundamental attribute of all mental processing, and various distortions of time perception is characteristic of various psychiatric disorders. In the short term, the most likely application of this research is in the development of some simple noninvasive neuropsychiatric tests of time perception that will serve as an aid for early diagnosis for several psychiatric disorders. In the long term, the value may be to increase understanding of the biological basis of several psychiatric disorders as they are manifested by distortions in time perception.

本项目的长期目标是确定 时间知觉和时间行为。拟议的研究将涉及 内部时钟的特性和存储器的性质 表示持续时间。 (1)第一个目的是确定振荡过程是否是 参与时间刺激在秒到分钟的范围内，并探索 这些振荡过程的特征。大鼠将在 杠杆箱和活动箱，在有食物的情况下， 可预测的间隔（固定间隔，或固定间隔加 小的变化），以审查系统的差异，从开始到 以恒定的间隔比例响应（振荡器 签名），并检查偶尔扰动的影响， 相位响应曲线（Phase Response Curve）。其他实验将提供食物 在不可预测的时间（随机间隔）检查的决定因素 出现的周期性行为以及它们中的每一个都能在多大程度上 被选中或被选中。(2)第二个目标是确定是否 时间的记忆被表示为值的矩阵。老鼠将被测试 具有多个时间标准（同时或相继）， 相互影响的大小和方向将用于确定 一个时间间隔的记忆对记忆的相互影响 另(3)第三个目标是进一步开发多振荡器， 连接主义的时间模型，将拟合数据定量。 对时间的感知是所有心智的基本属性， 处理，以及时间感知的各种扭曲是特征 各种精神疾病在短期内，最有可能 这项研究的应用是在一些简单的开发 时间知觉的非侵入性神经精神测试， 对几种精神疾病的早期诊断有帮助。从长远 长期而言，其价值可能是增加对生物学基础的理解 几种精神疾病，因为它们表现为扭曲， 在时间感知上。