TEMPORAL DISCRIMINATION LEARNING

这个项目的长期目标是确定 时间知觉和计时行为。建议的研究将涉及 内部时钟的特性和存储器的性质 表示持续时间。 (1)第一个目标是确定振荡过程是否 参与计时刺激，在秒到分钟的范围内，并探索 这些振荡过程的特征。老鼠将在 杠杆箱和活动箱在食物可供使用的情况下 可预测间隔(固定间隔，或固定间隔加 小变化)检查从开始到结束的系统差异 以恒定比例的间隔(振荡器)响应 签名)，并检查偶有扰动的影响 时间间隔(相响应曲线)。其他实验将提供食物 在不可预测的时间(随机间隔)检查决定因素 出现的周期性行为以及它们中的每一个都可以达到的程度 被缠绕或选择。(2)第二个目标是确定是否 对时间的记忆被表示为一个价值矩阵。将对老鼠进行测试 具有多个时间标准(同时或连续)和 相互影响的大小和方向将被用来确定 一个时间间隔的记忆对不同时间段记忆的相互影响 又一个。(3)第三个目标是进一步发展多振荡器， 将与数据定量匹配的计时的连接主义模型。 对时间的感知是所有心理活动的基本属性 加工，时间知觉的各种扭曲是其特征 各种精神疾病的病症。短期内，最有可能的是 本研究的应用是在开发一些简单的 时间知觉的非侵入性神经精神病学测试将作为 几种精神疾病的早期诊断的辅助工具。在漫长的岁月里 术语，其价值可能是增加对生物学基础的理解 几种精神障碍，因为它们表现为扭曲 在时间感知上。

The long-term objective of this project is to identify the mechanism of time perception and timed behavior. The proposed studies will concern the characteristics of the internal clock and the nature of the memory representation of durations of time. (1) The first aim is to determine whether oscillatory processes are involved in timing stimuli in the second-to-minute range, and to explore the characteristics of these oscillatory processes. Rats will be tested in lever boxes and activity boxes under conditions of food being available at predictably spaced intervals (fixed intervals, or fixed intervals plus a small change) to examine systematic discrepancies from beginning to respond at a constant proportion of the interval (the oscillator signature), and to examine the effects of occasional perturbations of the intervals (the phase-response curve). Other experiments will provide food at unpredictable times (random intervals) to examine the determinants of the periodic behavior that emerge and the extent to which each of them can be entrained or selected. (2) The second aim is to determine whether memory for time is represented as a matrix of values. Rats will be tested with multiple time criteria (either simultaneously or successively) and the magnitude and direction of mutual influence will be used to determine the mutual influence of the memory of one time interval on the memory for another. (3) The third aim is to further develop a multiple-oscillator, connectionist model of timing that will fit the data quantitatively. The perception of time is a fundamental attribute of all mental processing, and various distortions of time perception is characteristic of various psychiatric disorders. In the short term, the most likely application of this research is in the development of some simple noninvasive neuropsychiatric tests of time perception that will serve as an aid for early diagnosis for several psychiatric disorders. In the long term, the value may be to increase understanding of the biological basis of several psychiatric disorders as they are manifested by distortions in time perception.