MATERNAL DEPRESSION EFFECTS ON CHILD OUTCOME

本研究旨在探讨以下因素之间的关系： 在一个前瞻性的背景下， 1981年至1984年出生的915名儿童的纵向队列， 澳大利亚昆士兰州的母亲医院。先前 所收集的数据来自对每一位母亲进行的访谈。 怀孕期间，分娩后三到四天， 分娩，当她的孩子五岁的时候。数据也 儿童的发育和认知状况， 五是通过直接的身体检查和测试来衡量。后续行动 数据将通过与Mater队列的访谈收集， 母亲，父亲和孩子，并从问卷给老师 当孩子15岁时。 我们将检验以下关于这种关系的假设 母亲抑郁与儿童结局之间的关系：（1）母亲抑郁的严重程度 抑郁发作可以预测后代的社会、行为和心理水平 和情绪功能以及后代在年龄上的诊断结果 15;（2）母亲抑郁发作的严重程度和慢性程度将 相互作用预测后代的社会、行为和情感水平 15岁时的功能以及后代诊断结果;（3）严重 在孩子出生的早期母亲的抑郁水平 童年或在后代的青春期将与 15岁时特定类型行为问题的增加;（4） 假设1至3将得到支持，即使当社会人口统计 母亲的婚姻状况和家庭社会经济地位等因素 （5）母亲型人格障碍，父亲型 精神病理学，婚姻冲突，亲子关系受损， 压力性生活事件和儿童身体健康问题将介导 母亲抑郁与儿童结局的关系;（6）高 自尊、上级认知能力和稳定的人际关系 与父亲（即，保护因素）将与积极的 对于那些母亲患有抑郁症的孩子的影响。

The proposed study is designed to examine the relationship between maternal depression and child outcome in the context of a prospective, longitudinal cohort of 915 children born between 1981 and 1984 at the Mater Misericordiae Mother's Hospital in Queensland, Australia. Previously collected data are available from interviews with each mother conducted during pregnancy, three to four days after delivery, six months after delivery, and when her child was five years of age. Data are also available on the developmental and cognitive status of the child at age five as measured by direct physical examination and testing. Follow-up data will be collected from the Mater cohort through interviews with the mother, father and child, and from questionnaires given to the teacher when the child is 15 years of age. We will examine the following hypotheses concerning the relationship between maternal depression and child outcome: (1) Severity of maternal depressive episodes will predict level of offspring's social, behavioral and emotional functioning as well as offspring diagnostic outcomes at age 15; (2) Severity and chronicity of maternal depressive episodes will interact to predict to level of offspring social, behavioral and emotional functioning as well as offspring diagnostic outcomes at age 15; (3) Severe levels of maternal depression that occur during the offspring's very early childhood or during the offspring's adolescence will be related to elevations in specific types of behavioral problems at age 15; (4) Hypotheses 1 through 3 will be supported even when social demographic factors such as mother's marital status and family socioeconomic status are controlled; (5) Maternal personality disorder, paternal psychopathology, marital conflict, impaired parent-child relations, stressful life events, and child physical health problems will mediate the relationship between maternal depression and child outcome; and (6) High self esteem, superior cognitive abilities and consistent relationships with fathers (i.e., protective factors) will be related to positive outcomes for those children whose mothers are depressed.