EVALUATIVE PROCESSES

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）： 建议的努力是增加对贡献的理解， 对行为的评价过程。 评价性处置，如 表现为接近/回避倾向或食欲/厌恶 反应，在行为环境中无处不在，范围可以从 简单的反射反应 刺激，以广义的态度 倾向于广泛的刺激类别。特别感兴趣的是 多层次的评价过程，可以在一个给定的操作 行为背景，以及这些过程之间的潜在相互作用。 这些问题将在黑猩猩中得到解决，通过对一个 强有力的TIE似乎来自于竞争性的评估 处置 到食物阵列。 拟议的研究将审查社会， 知觉和激励的决定因素，这项任务的干扰。的 拟议的努力还将测试一个概念模型的水平， 评估处理，并将进一步发展这一模式。 孤独者- 术语目标是阐明前因、后果和 评价过程的神经生物学机制。 鉴于独特的 黑猩猩的系统发育地位， 这种物种可能是最佳的 弥合了人类和动物文献之间关于评价的差距 流程.

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): The broad goals of the proposed effort are to increase the understanding of the contributions of evaluative processes to behavior. Evaluative dispositions, as manifested by approach/avoidance tendencies or appetitive/aversive reactions, are ubiquitous in behavioral contexts, and can range from reflexive responses to simple stimuli, to generalized attitudinal dispositions to broad classes of stimuli. Of particular interest are the multiple levels of evaluative processes that may be operative in a given behavioral context, and the potential interactions among these processes. These issues will be addressed in chimpanzees, through studies of a potent TIE that appears to arise from competing evaluative dispositions to food arrays. The proposed studies will examine the social, perceptual, and incentive determinants of this task interference. The proposed effort will also test a conceptual model of the levels of evaluative processing, and will further develop this model. The loner- term goal is to elucidate the antecedents, consequents, and neurobiological mechanisms of evaluative processes. Given the unique phylogenetic status of chimpanzees, this species may be optimal for bridging the gap between the human and animal literatures on evaluative processes.