COGNITIVE NEUROPHYSIOLOGY OF SKILL ACQUISITION FOR VOICE

长期的职业目标是发展一个声音治疗的临床模式 基于两个领域的基本科学原理：声音生理学和 技能获取候选人过去的研究经验在很大程度上 从事声音生理学方面的工作， 技能获取指导临床科学家的目标 发展奖是扩大以前的学术背景的认知 从认知神经科学的方法， 语音治疗任务的技能获取。确定的指导 环境是为这一奋进提供支持的理想环境，包括 一位在认知科学方面经验丰富的赞助商， 以及一群活跃的认知神经科学家 研究人员谁的理论框架内提出的工作， 目前的研究。与该小组的互动将得到补充， 认知神经科学，神经科学和正电子的正式课程工作 发射断层扫描（PET）技术。 关于研究建议本身，总的目标是：（1） 获取有关认知和功能的信息 用于声音治疗的技能获得的神经生理学基础 任务，以及（2）获得有关此临床实用性的数据 信息，对于患者喉结节。理论 框架将涉及有记忆和无记忆之间的区别 意识，后者被认为从根本上控制技能 采集具体重点是区分性能 特定的、以前练习过的项目的好处（特定于项目 学习）与实践后新项目的性能优势 在类似类型的其他刺激（广义学习）。是 预计项目具体和一般化的学习将是 在认知和神经上都是分离的， 训练演习据估计，与普通 临床期望，项目具体和广义的学习都将 有助于结节语音治疗的结果。

The long-term career goal is to develop a clinical model of voice therapy founded on basic science principles in two domains: voice physiology and skill acquisition. The candidate's past research experience has largely involved work in voice physiology, with minimal research experience in skill acquisition. The goal of the Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Award is to expand prior academic background in cognitive science in skill acquisition, to a cognitive neuroscience approach to skill acquisition for a voice therapy task. The identified mentoring environment is ideal to provide support for this endeavor by including a highly experienced sponsor in cognitive science and recently, cognitive neuroscience, as well as a group of active cognitive neuroscientist researchers who work within the theoretical framework proposed for the present studies. Interactions with this group will be supplemented by formal course work in cognitive neuroscience, neuroscience, and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) technology. Regarding the research proposal itself, the general objectives are: (1) to obtain information about the cognitive and functional neurophysiological substrates of skill acquisition for a voice therapy task, and (2) to obtain data regarding the clinical utility of this information, for patients with laryngeal nodules. The theoretical framework will involve a distinction between memories with and without awareness, with the latter argued to fundamentally govern skill acquisition. The specific focus is a distinction between performance benefits for specific, previously practiced items (item-specific learning) versus performance benefits for new items following practice on other stimuli of a similar type (generalized learning). It is anticipated that item-specific and generalized learning will be cognitively and neurally dissociated, and manipulated with different training maneuvers. It is further anticipated that, contrary to common clinical expectations, item-specific and generalized learning will both contribute to the outcome of voice therapy for nodules.