WHAT KIND OF ATTENTION IS NECESSARY FOR FEAR REDUCTION?

尽管对恐惧刺激的注意被认为在 基于暴露的恐惧减少，调查结果不一致 结果。这项拟议的研究将检验几个源自 情绪加工模型(Foa&Kozak，1986)阐明了 注意力在减少恐惧过程中的作用。对这些功能的支持 假说将挑战刺激-反应模型，并揭示 改变恐惧认知表征的最佳条件。 第八，害怕蜘蛛的参与者将接受预测评估 这将包括认知、行为和生理测量， 然后完成40分钟的曝光课程，从以下四种实验中选择一种 条件。每个参与者都会在视觉上关注一种恐惧-- 相关(狼蛛)或无关(植物)刺激，同时也聚焦 在认知上对这两种刺激中的任何一种。曝光会将是 随后进行后测和后续评估。将对数据进行分析 用马诺瓦和多项式回归。拟议的研究将 扩展现有的关于恐惧和关注的文献，并将拥有 对研究、理论和实践具有重要意义。

Although attention to feared stimuli is believed to play a role in exposure-based fear reduction, investigations have yielded inconsistent results. The proposed study will test several hypotheses derived from the Emotional Processing Model (Foa & Kozak, 1986) to clarify the role of attention in the process of fear reduction. Support for these hypotheses would challenge stimulus-response models, and reveal optimal conditions for changing cognitive representations of fear. Eighth spider-fearful participants will undergo a pretest assessment which will include cognitive, behavioral, and physiological measures, then complete a 40-min exposure session in one of four experimental conditions. Each participant will focus visually on either a fear- relevant (tarantula) or irrelevant (plant) stimulus, while also focusing cognitively on either of these stimuli. The exposure session will be followed by posttest and follow-up assessments. Data will be analyzed with MANOVA and polynomial regression. The proposed study will extend the existing literature on fear and attention, and will have important implications for research, theory, and practice.