GENOMIC MAP OF HONEY BEE FORAGING BEHAVIOR

蜜蜂觅食行为的基因组图谱

• 批准号: 2379236
• 负责人: Robert Eugene Page
• 金额: $ 8.11万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-03-01 至 1999-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2379236
• 关键词: Hymenoptera; animal colony; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; ethology; genetic mapping; genetic markers; genetic strain; genotype; linkage mapping; natural gene amplification; phenotype; pollen; polymerase chain reaction; quantitative trait loci; sequence tagged sites; social behavior; statistics /biometry

Honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies display a remarkable division of labor that is based on the genotypes of individual workers bees, their stages of behavioral development (or age), and their environment. The behavioral acts (tasks) that are performed by honey bee workers are stereotypic, well known, and have been categorized into distinguishable sets. The last set of tasks performed by a worker bee is that of foraging where she will often specialize on collecting either pollen or nectar. However, many bees become generalists and perform both tasks, collecting both pollen and nectar. Previous studies have demonstrated the effects of two major genes on foraging task "decisions" of honey bees. These major quantitative trait loci (QTL) were mapped and verified using DNA markers on a relatively small population of 38 colonies. As a consequence, genes with smaller effects on behavior were probably not detected, and the map locations of the mapped loci are imprecise. The research proposed here will result in a more complete, and usable genomic map of honey bee foraging behavior, and a better understanding of the action of genes on behavior. The specific aims are: 1) to complete a genomic map of foraging behavior on 159 colonies; 2) to verify any new QTLs that are mapped; 3) to merge the new map with the original one in order to "saturate" mapped genomic regions with more markers so that QTL map locations can be determined with greater precision; 4) to produce better, more specific, DNA markers in those regions that contain mapped QTLs; 5) to study mechanisms of gene action of individual, mapped quantitative trait loci. Many of the behavioral questions asked of honey bees regarding the effects of genes, development, and environment on behavior are remarkably similar to questions about the dimensions of normal human behavior and behavioral disorders. The honey bee offers many advantages for general behavioral studies of gene action, development, and environment. 1) It can be selectively bred. 2) It has distinct developmental stages associated with behavior and these developmental stages can be manipulated. 3) Stimuli associated with specific behavior are well known and easily manipulated. 4) It has a high rate of meiotic recombination that facilitates mapping and the eventual isolation and characterization of major genes affecting observed, variable behavior. The additional characteristics that honey bees are social and can be studied in a natural context make them plausible surrogate models for studies of individual and social behavior.

蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）群体表现出显著的劳动分工 这是基于个体工蜂的基因型， 行为发展（或年龄）及其环境。行为 蜜蜂工蜂的行为（任务）是刻板的， 已知的，并已被归类为可区分的集合。最后一组 一只工蜂完成的任务之一就是在她想去的地方觅食， 通常专门收集花粉或花蜜。然而，许多蜜蜂 成为多面手，执行这两项任务，收集花粉和 花蜜以前的研究已经证明了两个主要基因的作用 蜜蜂觅食任务的“决定”。 这些主要的定量 利用DNA标记对10个性状位点（QTL）进行了定位和验证。 人口相对较少的38个殖民地。因此， 对行为的较小影响可能没有被检测到， 作图基因座的位置是不精确的。 本文提出的研究将产生一个更完整、更实用的 蜜蜂觅食行为的基因组图谱，以及更好地了解 基因对行为的作用。 具体目标是：1）完成一个 159个菌落的觅食行为的基因组图谱; 2）验证任何新的 3）将新图谱与原图谱合并， 为了用更多的标记使作图的基因组区域“饱和”， 可以更精确地确定地图位置; 4）产生 更好的，更具体的，DNA标记在这些地区， QTL; 5）研究个体的基因作用机制， 数量性状基因座 许多关于蜜蜂的行为问题， 基因、发育和环境对行为的影响非常相似 关于正常人类行为和行为的维度的问题 紊乱 蜜蜂为一般的行为提供了许多优势， 研究基因作用、发育和环境。1)可以 有选择性地繁殖。2)它有不同的发展阶段， 行为和这些发展阶段是可以被操纵的。 3)刺激 与特定行为相关的信息是众所周知的，并且很容易被操纵。 4)它有一个高比率的减数分裂重组，有利于作图 以及最终分离和鉴定影响 观察到的可变行为。蜂蜜的其他特性 蜜蜂是社会性的，可以在自然环境中进行研究， 研究个人和社会行为的合理替代模型。