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GENOMIC MAP OF HONEY BEE FORAGING BEHAVIOR

蜜蜂觅食行为的基因组图谱

基本信息

批准号：
2668837
负责人：
Robert Eugene Page
金额：
$ 8.44万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1996-03-01 至 1999-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2668837
关键词：
Hymenoptera animal colony behavioral /social science research tag behavioral genetics ethology genetic mapping genetic markers genetic strain genotype linkage mapping natural gene amplification phenotype pollen polymerase chain reaction quantitative trait loci sequence tagged sites social behavior statistics /biometry

项目摘要

Honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies display a remarkable division of labor that is based on the genotypes of individual workers bees, their stages of behavioral development (or age), and their environment. The behavioral acts (tasks) that are performed by honey bee workers are stereotypic, well known, and have been categorized into distinguishable sets. The last set of tasks performed by a worker bee is that of foraging where she will often specialize on collecting either pollen or nectar. However, many bees become generalists and perform both tasks, collecting both pollen and nectar. Previous studies have demonstrated the effects of two major genes on foraging task "decisions" of honey bees. These major quantitative trait loci (QTL) were mapped and verified using DNA markers on a relatively small population of 38 colonies. As a consequence, genes with smaller effects on behavior were probably not detected, and the map locations of the mapped loci are imprecise. The research proposed here will result in a more complete, and usable genomic map of honey bee foraging behavior, and a better understanding of the action of genes on behavior. The specific aims are: 1) to complete a genomic map of foraging behavior on 159 colonies; 2) to verify any new QTLs that are mapped; 3) to merge the new map with the original one in order to "saturate" mapped genomic regions with more markers so that QTL map locations can be determined with greater precision; 4) to produce better, more specific, DNA markers in those regions that contain mapped QTLs; 5) to study mechanisms of gene action of individual, mapped quantitative trait loci. Many of the behavioral questions asked of honey bees regarding the effects of genes, development, and environment on behavior are remarkably similar to questions about the dimensions of normal human behavior and behavioral disorders. The honey bee offers many advantages for general behavioral studies of gene action, development, and environment. 1) It can be selectively bred. 2) It has distinct developmental stages associated with behavior and these developmental stages can be manipulated. 3) Stimuli associated with specific behavior are well known and easily manipulated. 4) It has a high rate of meiotic recombination that facilitates mapping and the eventual isolation and characterization of major genes affecting observed, variable behavior. The additional characteristics that honey bees are social and can be studied in a natural context make them plausible surrogate models for studies of individual and social behavior.

蜜蜂 (Apis mellifera) 群体表现出显着的劳动分工这是基于工蜂个体的基因型、它们的阶段行为发展（或年龄）及其环境。行为方面蜜蜂工蜂执行的行为（任务）是刻板的，嗯已知，并且已被分类为可区分的集合。最后一组工蜂执行的任务之一是在她想去的地方觅食通常专门收集花粉或花蜜。然而，许多蜜蜂成为多面手并执行这两项任务，收集花粉和花蜜。先前的研究已经证明了两个主要基因的影响关于蜜蜂的觅食任务“决定”。这些主要的定量使用 DNA 标记对性状位点 (QTL) 进行定位和验证 38个殖民地的人口相对较少。结果，基因可能没有检测到对行为的较小影响，并且地图映射基因座的位置不精确。这里提出的研究将产生更完整、更可用的蜜蜂觅食行为的基因组图谱，并更好地了解基因对行为的作用。具体目标是：1）完成 159 个群体觅食行为的基因组图谱； 2) 验证任何新的已定位的 QTL； 3）将新地图与原始地图合并为了用更多标记“饱和”映射的基因组区域，以便 QTL 可以更精确地确定地图位置； 4）生产在那些包含映射的区域中，有更好、更特异的 DNA 标记 QTL； 5）研究个体基因作用机制，绘制图谱数量性状基因座。向蜜蜂询问的许多关于影响的行为问题基因、发育和环境对行为的影响非常相似关于正常人类行为和行为维度的问题失调。蜜蜂为一般行为提供了许多优势基因作用、发育和环境的研究。 1）可以是选择性培育。 2）具有明显的发展阶段行为和这些发展阶段是可以操纵的。 3）刺激与特定行为相关的信息是众所周知的并且很容易被操纵。 4) 减数分裂重组率高，有利于作图以及影响主要基因的最终分离和表征观察到的、可变的行为。蜂蜜的附加特性蜜蜂是社会性的，可以在自然环境中进行研究用于研究个人和社会行为的合理替代模型。