SOCIAL INTERACTION IN OLD AGE

老年时的社交互动

• 批准号: 2001323
• 负责人: LAURA L CARSTENSEN
• 金额: $ 17.54万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-01 至 1999-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2001323
• 关键词: adult human (21+); age difference; aging; behavioral /social science research tag; bias; cognition; emotions; face expression; functional ability; human old age (65+); human subject; human very old age (85+); interpersonal relations; interview; memory; middle childhood (6-11); motivation; neural information processing; preschool child (1-5); quality of life; social behavior; social support network

Findings uncovered during the initial grant period lead to the development of a theoretical model of social and emotional aging termed socioemotional selectivity theory. The theory holds that the constellation of social goals that motivate human behavior are reorganized over the life span, such that late in life the motivation for information seeking with social partners decreases and the motivation to regulate emotion increases. The five-year program of research described herein proposes to utilize experimental and naturalistic methods to test postulates derived from this theory. In particular, studies detailed herein will address the nature of observed age differences in the salience of emotion across the adult life span. The studies will; examine cognitive (Study l) and motivational (Study 2) processes that may underlie the reliable emotion bias found in our earlier work, examine age differences in the type of information derived from facial expressions of emotion (Study 3) and illuminate the role of emotion themes in intergenerational interactions (Study 4). In addition, the research will address the role of self-affirmation and self- verification in social motivation in young and old age (Study 5) and examine in a field context individual differences in the experience and social context of emotion across the life span (Study 6). Together the studies will allow for further development of socioemotional selectivity theory as well as examine possible associated gains and losses that may occur with changing social motivations. The ultimate aim of the research program is understanding and maximizing social and emotional well-being in late life.

在最初的赠款期间发现的结果导致了发展 社会情绪老化的理论模型 选择性理论该理论认为， 激励人类行为的目标在整个生命周期中被重新组织， 这样，在生命的后期， 伴侣减少，调节情绪的动机增加。的 本文所述的五年研究计划建议利用 实验和自然主义的方法来测试从这一点得出的假设， 理论特别是，本文详细介绍的研究将解决的性质， 观察到的年龄差异的显着性的情绪在整个成年生活 跨度。这些研究将检查认知（研究1）和动机 （研究2）可能是可靠的情绪偏见的基础的过程， 我们早期的工作，研究信息类型的年龄差异， 来自面部表情的情绪（研究3），并阐明了 情感主题在代际互动中的作用（研究4）。在 此外，研究还将探讨自我肯定和自我肯定的作用， 验证年轻和老年人的社会动机（研究5）， 在实地考察个人经验的差异， 社会背景下的情绪在整个生命周期（研究6）。一起 研究将允许社会情感选择性的进一步发展 理论以及检查可能相关的收益和损失， 随着社会动机的变化而变化。研究的最终目的是 计划是理解和最大限度地提高社会和情感福祉， 晚年生活