VOCAL DEVELOPMENT IN HANDICAPPED INFANTS

目前对婴儿发声发展的纵向研究已经产生了 重要的新信息，关于正常发育的 一个残疾的婴儿。 唐氏综合症和失聪婴儿的研究表明 在第一年的声音模式异常，有 相信其他疾病（例如，自闭症）也可以 早期的声音异常 建议的更新声乐 发展努力将侧重于深化对早期标志物的研究， 语言障碍，通过扩大声乐的描述框架， 发展 除了唐氏综合症和聋哑婴儿， 研究将集中于自闭症和其他智力迟钝儿童。 尽管先前的工作将发声视为独立事件， 建议的工作将考虑他们在家长的相互关系方面- 婴儿对话和实验者与儿童的互动。 而 先前的工作仅根据声音质量来处理发声， 拟议的工作将研究原始的沟通功能，可能是 通过发声来服务。 而先前的工作处理音节类 只有声乐表达，拟议的工作也将描述语调， 面部表情和手势 在扩大的评价框架内， 预计拟议的工作将产生新的手段， 在生命早期的疾病特征，也可能产生影响 适当的干预措施。

The current longitudinal study of infant vocal development has yielded important new information on early differences between normally developing an handicapped infants. Down syndrome and deaf infants show clear anomalies in vocal patterning in the first year of life, and there is preliminary reason to believe that other disorders (e.g., autism) may also be marked by early vocal abnormalities. The proposed renewal of the vocal development effort would focus on deepening the study of early markers of linguistic handicap, by expanding the frames of description of vocal development. In addition to Down syndrome and deaf infants, the proposed study would focus on autistic and other mentally retarded children. Whereas the prior work treated vocalizations as independent events, the proposed work will consider them in the interfactional context of parent- infant dialogues and the interplay of experimenters and children. Whereas the prior work treated vocalizations in terms of sound quality only, the proposed work will study the primitive communicative functions that may be served by vocalizations. Whereas the prior work treated syllable-like vocal expression only, the proposed work will also describe intonation, facial affect and gesture. Within the expanded frames of evaluation, it is anticipated that the proposed work will yield new means of identifying characteristics of disorders early in life and may also yield implications regarding appropriate interventions.