PET CBF STUDY OF MEMORY COMPONENTS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA

精神分裂症患者学习和记忆缺陷的中心性 最近受到赞赏，但这些困难的确切机制是 人们对此知之甚少。精神分裂症患者的记忆障碍 由于注意力问题，工作中的执行控制缺陷 记忆、快速遗忘和语义编码或检索中的问题 陈述性记忆。工作记忆的组成部分(例如，用于 时间顺序、空间定位、即时记忆广度)和 陈述性记忆(即对事实信息的长期记忆)将 在拟议的研究中被调查，因为他们已经被 分别连接到前额叶或内侧颞叶神经系统， 反过来，是领先的候选领域的神经病理在 精神分裂症。现有的时间近似性测试(工作记忆)和 项目识别(陈述性记忆)将使用单词和面部进行修改 允许比较差值和用作激活的刺激物 在功能神经成像过程中的任务。这些任务将首先是 对100名健康志愿者的标准样本进行测试，然后 从社会人口学的角度来看， 30例正常人和30例精神分裂症患者的配对样本 建立两个任务的信度和结构效度，并 研究工作记忆或陈述性记忆的不同缺陷如何 与患者样本中的临床症状相关(特定目标 一)。任务验证后，进行时间近似性检验。物品识别，以及 标准基线条件将作为激活任务进行管理 (“神经行为探头”)15氧(150度)正电子发射 60名受试者的脑血流量(CBF)断层扫描(PET)测量 正常对照组(男30例，女30例)。将这些测试作为 神经行为探测器提供了一种将大脑功能与大脑联系起来的手段 结构，检验工作记忆和陈述性记忆的假设 各成分由前额叶和内侧颞区调节 并测试选择性区域激活是否与 更好的表现(具体目标二)。最后，相同的PET CBF研究 将与60名精神分裂症患者进行配对 (30名男性，30名女性)，以测试损害任务绩效的假设 这两项任务都与弥漫性左脑过度激活有关，而且 时间性近期任务的差异性缺陷与严重程度相关 精神分裂症特有的症状，以及项目上的差异缺陷 识别任务与阳性症状相关(特定目的 3)。确定哪些内存组件受到不同程度的损害 精神分裂症，以及这些损伤是如何与大脑功能和 临床症状具有潜在的临床益处，可告知认知 因地制宜的康复策略和指导发展 抗精神病药物。

The centrality of learning and memory deficits in schizophrenia has been recently appreciated, but the exact mechanism of these difficulties is poorly understood. Memory impairments in schizophrenia have been attributed to attentional problems, executive control deficits in working memory, rapid forgetting, and problems in semantic encoding or retrieval of declarative memory. Components of working memory (e.g., memory for temporal order, spatial localization, immediate memory span) and declarative memory (i.e., long-term memory for factual information) will be investigated in the proposed research because they have been respectively linked to prefrontal or mesial temporal neural systems which, in turn, are leading candidates as regions of neuropathology in schizophrenia. Existing tests of Temporal Recency (working memory) and Item Recognition (declarative memory) will be modified using word and face stimuli to allow comparison of differential deficit and use as activation tasks during functional neuroimaging. These tasks will first be administered to a normative sample of 100 healthy volunteers, and then given with a standard neuropsychological battery to socio-demographically matched samples of 30 normal controls and 30 patients with schizophrenia to establish the reliability and construct validity of the two tasks, and to examine how differential deficits in working or declarative memory may be related to clinical symptomatology in the patient sample (specific aim one). After task validation, Temporal Recency. Item Recognition, and standard baseline conditions will be administered as activation tasks ("neurobehavioral probes") during 15 Oxygen (15O) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) measures of Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF) to a group of 60 normal controls (30 men, 30 women). Administering these tests as neurobehavioral probes provides a means to link brain function with brain structure, test the hypothesis that working and declarative memory components are mediated by prefrontal and mesial temporal regions respectively, and test if selective regional activation is correlated with better performance (specific aim two). Finally, the same PET CBF studies will be performed with a matched group of 60 patients with schizophrenia (30 men, 30 women) to test hypotheses that impaired task performance on both tasks is related to diffuse left-hemisphere over-activation, and that differential deficit on temporal recency tasks is related to severity of symptoms specific to schizophrenia, and differential deficit on item recognition tasks is correlated with positive symptomatology (specific aim 3). Identifying which components of memory are differentially impaired in schizophrenia, and how these impairments are related to brain function and clinical symptoms has potential clinical benefit of informing cognitive rehabilitation strategies and guiding development of regionally specific neuroleptic medications.