HORMONES AND SOCIAL FACTORS IN GENDER SPECIFIC COGNITION

描述：这项研究的长期目标是更好地了解 认知的社会生物学。拟议的研究将调查 社会变量、循环性腺激素和 认知发展的三个阶段：婴儿期、青春期和 成人期。每种测试方法都经过了验证 在以前发表的研究或试点研究中的发育组。 这些实验使用了受试者之间和受试者内部的程序。一个 受试者之间的组成部分是可能的，因为性腺激素变化很大 在婴儿期的性别内部和性别之间的个体之间 和青春期。主题内组件是可能的，因为相同的 青少年受试者将连续三年接受研究，因为他们 从青春期到青春期。成年对照受试者将至少有 性别内荷尔蒙变化和性别间荷尔蒙最大值 变种。婴儿将在显示男性和女性的任务中进行测试 在幼猴和儿童中的优势。青少年和成年人将 在成人特定性别的任务中进行测试。认知，荷尔蒙， 并收集了164名7岁以下青少年的社会数据 年级。在拟议的研究中，将对250个新对象进行类似的研究 从七年级开始连续三年。在整个过程中 3年后，几乎所有这些受试者都应该达到成年或接近成年 荷尔蒙状态。在所有组中，将检测血点(手指刺痛) 用放射免疫法测定睾酮和雌二醇。在所有组中，数据 将收集与家庭SES和教育相关的信息，以及主题 活动和兴趣。在两个较老的组中，将收集数据 关于科目成绩、标准化考试和个人性别 特征、属性和活动。方差分析和回归分析 分析将确定荷尔蒙和社会的相对贡献 不同性别成员之间和不同性别成员之间的认知因素。

DESCRIPTION: The long-term goal of the research is to better understand the socio-biology of cognition. The proposed study will investigate relationships between social variables, circulating gonadal hormones, and cognition during three developmental stages: infancy, adolescence, and adulthood. Testing methodologies have been validated with each developmental group in previously published studies or in pilot studies. The experiments use between- and within-subject procedures. A between-subjects component is possible because gonadal hormones vary widely among individuals within genders as well as between genders during infancy and adolescence. A within-subjects component is possible because the same adolescent subjects will be studied for three consecutive years as they progress through puberty. Adult control subjects will have a minimum of within-gender hormonal variation and a maximum of between-gender hormonal variation. Infants will be tested on tasks that show male and female superiorities in infant monkeys and children. Adolescents and adults will be tested on tasks that are gender-specific in adults. Cognitive, hormonal, and social data have been collected on 164 preadolescents in the seventh grade. In the proposed research, 250 new subjects will be similarly studied for three consecutive years starting in the seventh grade. Over the course of 3 years, nearly all of these subjects should attain adult or near-adult hormonal status. In all groups, blood spots (finger prick) will be assayed by radioimmonoassay for testosterone and estradiol. In all groups, data will be collected relative to familial SES and education, and subject activities and interests. In the two older groups, data will be collected concerning the subjects grades, standardized tests, and individual gender traits, attributes and activities. Analysis of variance and regression analyses will determine the relative contribution of hormonal and social factors to cognition among members of each gender and between genders.