NEURAL MECHANISMS OF SOCIAL RECOGNITION AND MEMORY

社会认知和记忆的神经机制

• 批准号: 2693427
• 负责人: ROBERT E JOHNSTON
• 金额: $ 23.03万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-08-01 至 2003-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2693427
• 关键词: amygdala; animal communication behavior; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; brain mapping; experimental brain lesion; fos protein; hamsters; hippocampus; histology; memory; neural information processing; olfactions; olfactory stimulus; sensory discrimination; sex behavior; social model; vomeronasal systems

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): The goal of this proposal is to understand the neural mechanisms of social recognition and memory. This information will lead to a more thorough understanding of the brain, especially sensory processing by the olfactory and vomeronasal systems, higher-order perceptual and cognitive processes involved in pattern perception, recognition, similarity judgments, and the formation of multi-component representations. In addition, the research will provide a new, unique perspective on the functional neuroanatomy of memory by investigating the role of various brain loci in social memory. Understanding of the brain, and especially of social recognition and memory processes, is relevant to the understanding of many types of human disabilities due to stroke or head injury, and also to understanding the deficits caused by a variety of degenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Korsakoff's syndrome. The specific aims of the study are to use the extensive knowledge obtained about social communication in hamsters as a model system to investigate the neural mechanisms of recognition of individuals, kin, sex, and reproductive state by odors. There are four specific goals. First, the role of the hippocampal system in discrimination and recognition of individuals will be investigated using lesions and histological methods to determine the brain areas involved and Fos histochemical methods to determine particular groups of cells that are activated during recognition and memory processes. Second, the role of the medial amygdala in sex and reproductive state recognition will be investigated using the same methods. Third, the roles of the hippocampal system (including entorhinal cortex, para-hippocampal area and peri-rhinal cortex) and of the pre-frontal agranular insular cortex in higher-order processes such as multi-component representations of individuals will be examined. Fourth, the functional neuroanatomy of kin recognition will be examined, particularly the similarities and differences between recognition of kin by familiarity and recognition of kin by phenotype matching. These experiments will provide new and unique knowledge about the neural basis of social recognition and social memory that should provide a compelling complement to what is known about other types of learning and memory. They will also provide a basis for finer-grained anatomical and neurophysiological investigations of these processes that are so crucial to the lives of animals and humans.

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：本提案的目标 是了解社会认知和记忆的神经机制。 这些信息将使我们对大脑有更深入的了解， 特别是嗅觉和犁鼻系统的感觉处理， 涉及模式的高阶知觉和认知过程 感知，识别，相似性判断，以及 多分量表示。 此外，该研究将提供一个 新的，独特的视角对功能神经解剖学的记忆， 研究不同的大脑位点在社会记忆中的作用。 对大脑的理解，尤其是对社会认知和记忆的理解 过程，与理解许多类型的人类 由于中风或头部受伤而导致的残疾，以及了解 包括阿尔茨海默氏症在内的各种退行性疾病引起的缺陷 疾病和Korsakoff综合征 这项研究的具体目的是利用所获得的广泛知识， 关于仓鼠的社会交流作为一个模型系统来调查 识别个体、亲属、性别和生殖的神经机制 国家的气味。 有四个具体目标。 第一， 海马系统在个体辨别和识别中的作用， 使用病变和组织学方法进行研究，以确定大脑 涉及的领域和Fos组织化学方法，以确定特定的群体 在识别和记忆过程中被激活的细胞。 第二，内侧杏仁核在性和生殖状态中的作用 将使用相同的方法研究识别。 第三，角色 海马系统（包括内嗅皮层、海马旁 区域和鼻周皮质）和前额叶无颗粒岛叶皮质 在更高阶的过程中，例如 将对个人进行审查。 第四，亲属的功能神经解剖 识别将被审查，特别是相似性和差异 通过熟悉来识别亲属和通过 表型匹配 这些实验将提供新的和独特的知识 社会认知和社会记忆的神经基础 提供了一个令人信服的补充什么是已知的其他类型的 学习和记忆。 它们还将为更细粒度的 这些过程的解剖学和神经生理学研究， 对动物和人类的生命至关重要。