NEURAL MECHANISMS OF SOCIAL RECOGNITION AND MEMORY

社会认知和记忆的神经机制

• 批准号: 6392328
• 负责人: ROBERT E JOHNSTON
• 金额: $ 20.78万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-08-01 至 2003-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6392328
• 关键词: amygdala; animal communication behavior; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; brain mapping; experimental brain lesion; fos protein; hamsters; hippocampus; histology; memory; neural information processing; olfactions; olfactory stimulus; sensory discrimination; sex behavior; social model; vomeronasal systems

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): The goal of this proposal is to understand the neural mechanisms of social recognition and memory. This information will lead to a more thorough understanding of the brain, especially sensory processing by the olfactory and vomeronasal systems, higher-order perceptual and cognitive processes involved in pattern perception, recognition, similarity judgments, and the formation of multi-component representations. In addition, the research will provide a new, unique perspective on the functional neuroanatomy of memory by investigating the role of various brain loci in social memory. Understanding of the brain, and especially of social recognition and memory processes, is relevant to the understanding of many types of human disabilities due to stroke or head injury, and also to understanding the deficits caused by a variety of degenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Korsakoff's syndrome. The specific aims of the study are to use the extensive knowledge obtained about social communication in hamsters as a model system to investigate the neural mechanisms of recognition of individuals, kin, sex, and reproductive state by odors. There are four specific goals. First, the role of the hippocampal system in discrimination and recognition of individuals will be investigated using lesions and histological methods to determine the brain areas involved and Fos histochemical methods to determine particular groups of cells that are activated during recognition and memory processes. Second, the role of the medial amygdala in sex and reproductive state recognition will be investigated using the same methods. Third, the roles of the hippocampal system (including entorhinal cortex, para-hippocampal area and peri-rhinal cortex) and of the pre-frontal agranular insular cortex in higher-order processes such as multi-component representations of individuals will be examined. Fourth, the functional neuroanatomy of kin recognition will be examined, particularly the similarities and differences between recognition of kin by familiarity and recognition of kin by phenotype matching. These experiments will provide new and unique knowledge about the neural basis of social recognition and social memory that should provide a compelling complement to what is known about other types of learning and memory. They will also provide a basis for finer-grained anatomical and neurophysiological investigations of these processes that are so crucial to the lives of animals and humans.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：该提案的目标 是了解社会识别和记忆的神经机制。 这些信息将导致对大脑的更彻底的了解， 特别是嗅觉和犁鼻系统的感觉处理， 模式涉及的高阶知觉和认知过程 知觉、识别、相似性判断以及形成 多分量表示。 此外，该研究还将提供 关于记忆功能神经解剖学的新的、独特的视角 研究不同大脑位点在社会记忆中的作用。 了解大脑，尤其是社会认知和记忆 过程，与许多类型的人类的理解相关 因中风或头部受伤而导致的残疾，以及了解 由多种退行性疾病（包括阿尔茨海默病）引起的缺陷 病和科尔萨科夫综合症。 研究的具体目的是利用所获得的广泛知识 关于仓鼠的社交沟通作为模型系统来研究 识别个体、亲属、性别和生殖的神经机制 通过气味来说明。 有四个具体目标。 一、作用 海马系统在识别和识别个体方面将 使用病变和组织学方法进行研究以确定大脑 涉及的领域和 Fos 组织化学方法以确定特定群体 在识别和记忆过程中被激活的细胞。 二、内侧杏仁核在性和生殖状态中的作用 将使用相同的方法对识别进行调查。 三、角色 海马系统（包括内嗅皮层、海马旁皮层 区和鼻周皮质）和前额叶无颗粒岛叶皮质 在高阶过程中，例如多分量表示 个人将接受检查。 四、亲属的功能神经解剖学 将审查认可度，特别是相似点和差异 通过熟悉来认识亲属和通过熟悉来认识亲属之间 表型匹配。 这些实验将提供新的、独特的知识 关于社会认知和社会记忆的神经基础 为已知的其他类型提供令人信服的补充 学习和记忆。 它们还将为更细粒度的 对这些过程的解剖学和神经生理学研究 对动物和人类的生命至关重要。