SMARTER - A 4D, Cloud-based Simulation-as-a-Service Digital Twin of the Combined ATM / UTM Airspace

SMARTER是ATM/UTM联合空域的四维数字双胞胎。使用新的机器学习/深度强化学习技术，SMARTER将解决未来飞行挑战赛的问题陈述2所带来的挑战。更智能的意志：*基于大规模多人在线游戏(MMOG)技术，提供一个创新的、协作的、基于云的模拟即服务环境，其中将根据真实世界数据和模拟数据模拟数千架飞机(包括传统民用飞机、军用飞机和无人机)。*学习、推断和推导所需的新规则，以适应对ATM和UTM综合交通(包括非隔离、较低空域和航线交通)的安全和高效(环境和商业)管理。然后，这些规则可用于支持无人机运营商和空中导航服务提供商(ANSP)遵守CAP670、CAP722、ED-109A、DO-178C的安全案例，并促进全球容量管理建模和协作决策。*允许用户(例如ANSP)测试“假设”情景，包括模拟传感器故障/低覆盖区域、天气、人口密度、无人机失控、通信中断、特殊使用区域/危险区域。更聪明的人将了解每架飞机、空域乃至系统系统需要如何做出反应，以同时满足安全和性能关键绩效指标。*开发新的数学技术，以表征与确定空域当前状态的单一真实来源相关的不确定性，因为来自传感器、测量、雷达(一次和二次监视)、ADS-B(卫星通信)等的多种数据输入都处于不同的数据质量水平。*开发下一代交钥匙4D可视化和用户体验技术，使用触觉控制来游戏化对空域的操纵--从集中的、基于云的服务器到标准PC、移动设备或4D可视化设备(如Occulus Rift等)。这有助于快速进行场景测试。用户将能够在不购买任何专门设备的情况下获得帐户、登录和使用该环境。*由于该环境是基于云的，它将提供一个按需协作决策环境，在该环境中，多个利益相关方可以在尊重小型中小企业(例如无人机运营商)、ANSP和大型跨国OEM的商业限制的同时，共同努力形成关于能力和分离管理标准的共识。SMARTER将使用新兴的ATM数据标准(如WIXM/FIXM/AIXM)，以无缝集成到ANSP操作中。此外，除了用于促进安全、高效的分离管理规则的制定之外，SMARTER提供的模拟环境还可以用于培训无人机操作员、空中交通管制员甚至飞行员。

SMARTER is a Four-Dimensional Digital Twin of the Combined ATM / UTM Airspace. Using novel machine learning / deep reinforcement learning techniques, SMARTER will address challenges arising from problem statement 2 of the Future Flight Challenge. SMARTER will:* Based on Massive Multiplayer Online Game (MMOG) technology, provide an innovative, collaborative, cloud-based Simulation-as-a-Service environment where several thousand aircraft (both traditional civil aircraft, military aircraft and UAVs) will be simulated based on both real-world data and simulated data.* Learn, infer and deduce the new rules needed to accommodate the safe _and_ efficient (both environmentally and commercially) management of the combined ATM and UTM traffic (both for non-segregated, lower airspace and en route traffic). These rules can then be used in support of the safety case for CAP670, CAP722, ED-109A, DO-178C compliance for both UAV operators and Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSPs) and facilitate global capacity management modelling and collaborative decision making.* Allow users (e.g. ANSPs) to test "what-if" scenarios including modelling sensor failures / low coverage regions, weather, population density, loss of control of the UAV, loss of communications, special use areas / danger areas. SMARTER will learn how each aircraft, the airspace and indeed the system of systems is required to react in order to both meet safety and performance KPIs.* Develop novel mathematical techniques to characterise the uncertainty associated with ascertain the single source of truth for the presented state of the airspace given the multiplicity of data inputs from sensors, measurements, radar (both primary and secondary surveillance), ADS-B (over satellite comms), etc all of which are at varying levels of data quality.* Develop next-generation, turn-key 4D visualization and user experience techniques with haptic controls to gamify the manipulation of the airspace - streaming from centralized, cloud-based servers to either standard PC, mobile device or 4D visualization devices (e.g. Occulus Rift, etc.). This facilitates rapid scenario testing. Users will be able to get an account, log-in and use the environment without purchasing any specialized equipment.* Since the environment is cloud-based, it will provide an on-demand collaborative decision making environment where multiple stakeholders can work together to form a consensus on capacity & separation management standards whilst respecting the commercial constraints of both small SMEs (e.g. UAV operators), ANSPs and large multinational OEMs.SMARTER will use emerging ATM data standards (such as WIXM / FIXM / AIXM) for seamless integration into ANSP operations. Furthermore, as well as being used to facilitate the development of the safe, efficient separation management rules, the simulation environment provided by SMARTER can be used to train UAV operators, air traffic controllers and even pilots.