PERCEIVED BENEFIT AND MENTAL HEALTH AFTER AUTO CRASHES

车祸后的感知益处和心理健康

• 批准号: 2874182
• 负责人: J. Curtis MCMILLEN
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-30 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2874182
• 关键词: behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; human subject; locus of control; mental health epidemiology; perception disorder; psychological models; psychological shock; quality of life; social perception; stress; vehicular accident

The proposed study tests emerging theory about the perceived benefit phenomenon, the process by which those who nave experienced traumatic events report benefit and growth as a result of their experiences. Prior research has identified these perceptions of benefit as protective of long term health and mental health. Compared to other protective factors identified in trauma research, these perceptions of benefit are accessible and alterable, offering considerable intervention potential. Tests of specific theoretical propositions of how benefit occurs and how it affects mental health are necessary in order to develop interventions based on these concepts. This project examines several pathways where benefits are derived from traumatic events and affect subsequent mental health. These propositions are tested using path models and a sample of motor vehicle crash survivors recruited from a major teaching hospital. The pathways to be examined are: 1) traumatic events lead to health enhancing lifestyle changes which affect subsequent mental health problems and quality of life; 2) traumatic events lead to an increased faith in people and increased compassion which affect subsequent mental health problems and quality of life; 3) coping with traumatic events lead to an increased sense of self-efficacy which leads to less distress following subsequent negative events; 4) traumatic events lead to increased spirituality which affects subsequent mental health problems and quality of life; and 5) perceiving benefit soon after a traumatic event, regardless of type, leads to less mental problems and better quality of life. Structured interviews will be conducted with motor vehicle crash survivors eight weeks and 13 months post-crash. The project will use the Diagnostic Interview Schedule, the Post-Traumatic Symptom Scale and several quality of life measures to assess current and past mental health and will assess several types of perceived benefit (health enhancing lifestyle changes and increases in self-efficacy, family closeness, community closeness, spirituality, faith in people, and compassion toward others). The research will improve understanding of the role of perceived benefits in coping and adaptation processes and inform research and theory on resilience, PTSD, and health promotion. Studies of motor vehicle crash survivors are needed because two million Americans sustain serious injuries in automobile crashes each year, and rates of PTSD in this population are comparable to rates found in other traumatically exposed groups.

这项拟议中的研究测试了关于感知利益的新兴理论 现象，那些经历过创伤的人的过程 活动报告说，由于他们的经历，他们受益匪浅，有所增长。 先前的研究已经确定了这些对利益的看法是保护性的 长期的健康和心理健康。 与其他保护性 在创伤研究中确定的因素，这些受益的看法是 可访问和可更改，提供了相当大的干预潜力。 对利益如何产生和如何产生的具体理论命题的检验 为了制定干预措施， 基于这些概念。 该项目研究了几种途径， 从创伤性事件中获得益处，并影响随后的心理 健康 这些命题进行了测试，使用路径模型和一个样本 从一个主要的教学机构招募的车祸幸存者 医院要检查的途径是：1）创伤性事件导致 改善健康的生活方式改变，影响随后的心理健康 问题和生活质量; 2）创伤性事件导致增加 对人的信任和增加的同情心，这会影响随后的心理 健康问题和生活质量; 3）应对创伤性事件 导致自我效能感增加，从而减少痛苦 （4）创伤性事件导致 增加灵性，影响随后的心理健康问题 和生活质量; 5）在创伤后不久感知益处 事件，无论类型，导致更少的精神问题和更好的 生活质量 结构化面试将进行与汽车 车祸后8周和13个月的幸存者。 的 项目将使用诊断访谈时间表，创伤后 症状量表和几项生活质量指标，以评估当前和 过去的心理健康状况，并将评估几种类型的感知效益 （改善健康的生活方式的改变和自我效能的提高， 家庭亲密度，社区亲密度，精神，对人的信仰， 对他人的同情）。 这项研究将增进人们对 在应对和适应进程中的作用， 为复原力、创伤后应激障碍和健康促进提供信息研究和理论。 对车祸幸存者的研究是必要的，因为200万 美国人每年都会在车祸中受到严重伤害，而且 这一人群中PTSD的发生率与其他人群中的发生率相当。 创伤暴露群体。