A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF CANCER

癌症早期诊断的系统方法

• 批准号: 6021536
• 负责人: DAVID H. BEACH
• 金额: $ 12.82万
• 依托单位: GENETICA, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-20 至 2000-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6021536
• 关键词: breast neoplasms; colon neoplasms; diagnosis design /evaluation; early diagnosis; gene expression; genetic library; genetic markers; neoplasm /cancer diagnosis; nucleic acid sequence; prostate neoplasms; tissue /cell culture

One of the undisputed keys to the successful treatment of cancer is early diagnosis. This strongly argues for participation in routine screening programs. However, those that are in place currently suffer from significant drawbacks. A major thrust of applied cancer research in the coming years will be a search for improved diagnostic methodologies. One route toward the design of new surveillance methods is the identification of markers that are characteristic of tumor cells. The foundation of the proposed research is two-fold. We will use the Genetica trap technology to sift libraries prepared from colon, breast and prostate carcinomas for genes encoding trafficked proteins. Thereafter, we will use "off-the-shelf"technologies to assess differential expression of such genes in normal and tumor cells. These studies will lead to the creation of libraries of tumor-specific genes that encode secreted and cell surface proteins. These will be used to generate immunological reagents to analyze blood born and cell surface markers in order to identify proteins that are diagnostic of early stage tumors. PROPOSED COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS: There are a multitude of commercial applications for the proposed research. Primary is the identification of blood-borne, tumor specific proteins that can be used for the development of routine diagnostic tests. In addition, we may identify potential targets for tumor imaging agents. Finally, tumor-specific receptors may be provide starting points for the development of small-molecule anti-tumor drugs or biotherapeutics.

癌症成功治疗的一个无可争辩的关键是早期诊断。这有力地证明了参加常规筛查计划的必要性。然而，目前已经到位的那些存在着重大缺陷。未来几年，应用癌症研究的一个主要方向将是寻找改进的诊断方法。设计新的监测方法的一条途径是识别肿瘤细胞特有的标记物。这项拟议研究的基础是双重的。我们将使用Genetica Trap技术来筛选从结肠癌、乳腺癌和前列腺癌制备的文库，以寻找编码贩运蛋白的基因。之后，我们将使用“现成”技术来评估这些基因在正常细胞和肿瘤细胞中的差异表达。这些研究将导致建立编码分泌和细胞表面蛋白的肿瘤特异性基因库。这些将被用来产生免疫试剂，以分析血液和细胞表面标志物，以便识别对早期肿瘤诊断的蛋白质。拟议的商业应用：拟议的研究有许多商业应用。主要是识别血液传播的、可用于常规诊断测试的肿瘤特异性蛋白。此外，我们还可以确定肿瘤显像剂的潜在靶点。最后，肿瘤特异性受体可能为小分子抗肿瘤药物或生物治疗药物的开发提供起点。