STATE-DEPENDENT EFFECTS OF DRUGS ON COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING

这项研究计划有五个具体的长期目标：(1) 第一个目标是测试一种研究药物作用的动物模型。 关于认知功能。迈尔的三表推理装置将是 用于测试大鼠整合学习到的信息的能力 一种化学状态与在另一种化学状态中学到的信息 解决一个食物奖励的空间选址问题。研究表明， 解决这个问题所涉及的过程不同于 那些参与大多数学习任务的人，这取决于联想 连续事件(Maier，1932a；Stahl&Ellen，1974)。(2)第二个 目的是确定导致这种现象的药物类别 发生。非处方药和管制物质都将 学习。假设状态依赖的性能发生在 咖啡因和尼古丁等药物以及滥用管制药物 吗啡和美沙酮等物质。(3)第三个目标是 确定一种药物(如 吗啡)可以被另一种药物(如纳洛酮)阻断，或者 药物和阻滞剂的组合基本上形成了三分之一 化学状态。(4)第四个目标是启动几项试点研究 开发操作型条件反射研究范式，其中包括 使迈尔三桌问题独一无二的特征。科目 会收到视觉或听觉提示，并被要求识别 适当的提示集，或者可能是食物所必需的提示序列 奖励。(五)培养少数民族本科生 行为精神药理学的研究方法 他们将接受心理健康研究领域的研究生培训。

There are five specific long-term aims for this research plan: (1) The first aim is to test an animal model for studying the effects of drugs on cognitive functioning. Maier's 3-table reasoning apparatus will be used for testing the ability of rats to integrate information learned in one chemical state with information learned in another chemical state to solve a spatial location problem for a food reward. Research has shown that the processes involved in solving this problem are different from those involved in most learning tasks which depend upon the association of contiguous events (Maier, 1932a; Stahl & Ellen, 1974). (2) The second aim is to establish the classes of drugs for which this phenomenon occurs. Both non-prescription drugs and controlled substances will be studied. It is hypothesized that state-dependent performance occurs for drugs such as caffeine and nicotine as well as for abused controlled substances such as morphine and methadone. (3) A third aim is to determine if state-dependent performance under one drug (such as morphine) can be blocked by another drug (such as naloxone) or whether the drug and blocker combination form what is essentially a third chemical state. (4) A fourth aim is to initiate several pilot studies to develop an operant conditioning research paradigm that includes some of the features that make the Maier 3-table problem unique. Subjects will receive a visual or an auditory cue and be required to identify the appropriate cue set, or perhaps a cue sequence, necessary for a food reward. (5) A fifth aim is to train minority undergraduate students in the research methods used in behavioral psychopharmacology to prepare them for graduate training in a mental health research field.